BASIC CALCULUS TERMINOLOGIES Flashcards

1
Q

● one of the most important ideas or concepts in studying calculus
● the backbone of the calculus, both differential and integral calculus.

A

LIMITS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Ways to determine if the limit exists

A

○ by making the table of values of the function
○ by graphing the given function.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

○ to find out whether the value of x will approach the value of the constant c, we need to specify the direction

A

One - Sided Limits

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Left - sided limits
→ limit from the left, less than c

A

lim f(x) = L
x → c-

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q
  1. Right - sided limits
    → limit from the right, greater than c
A

lim f(x) = L
x → c+

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

the limit exists since the values from
left and right are equal.

A

lim f(x) = lim f(x)
x → c- x → c+

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

limit does not exist since the values
from left & right are not equal.

A

lim f(x) ≠ lim f(x)
x → c- x → c+

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

SOLVE:
lim (1 + 2x)
x→ 3

A

→ 1 + 2 (3) → 1 + 6 = 7

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

different left and right limits at every integer

A

Greatest - integer function

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

limit of a constant is that constant

A

Theorem on Limit of Functions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

○ function values decrease or increase without bounds as independent variable gets closer and closer to a certain fixed number.

A

Infinite Limits

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

if x equates to 0 and → f(x) = 1
x

A

If denominator equate to 0 & numerator is not 0

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

let exponent a be even and let exponent b be odd

A

Even and Odd exponents

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

If the highest power of x is the same in both the
numerator and denominator, then :

A

VII. Limits of Rational Expression as x → ∞

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

If the highest power of x is in the denominator…

A

lim f(x) = 0
x → ∞

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

If the highest power of x is in the numerator…

A

lim f(x) = ∞
x → ∞

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

○ continuous limits — when you can draw the graph with
1 continuous line without removing the tip of the pencil
from the paper.

A

Continuous Limits

18
Q

The limit is CONTINUOUS if :

A
  1. f (c) is defined
  2. lim f(x) exists
    x → c
  3. lim f(x) = f(c)
    x → c
19
Q

● a function is said to be continuous if you can sketch its graph on a curve without lifting your pen even once.
● a function is continuous at a particular point if there is no break in its graph at that point.
● Polynomial and Absolute Value Functions are
continuous everywhere.
● Rational Functions are continuous in their respective domains.

A

Continuity

20
Q

● a function is continuous on an interval if we can trace the graph from start to finish without lifting the pen
● a function is continuous if its graph has no holes or breaks in it.

21
Q

● the function of the graph which is not connected with each other is known as a discontinuous function.

A

Discontinuity

22
Q

TYPES OF DISCONTINUITY : (4)

A

JUMP
POINT
ESSENTIAL
REMOVABLE

23
Q

○ this discontinuity occurs when graph “breaks” at a particular place and starts somewhere else.
○ In other words, lim f(x) ≠ lim f(x)
x → a + x → a-

24
Q

○ this discontinuity occurs when the graph has a “hole” in it from a missing point because the function has a value at that point that’s “off the graph”
○ In other words, lim f (x) ≠ f (a)
x → a

25
○ this discontinuity occurs when the graph has a vertical asymptote.
ESSENTIAL
26
○ this discontinuity occurs when there is a hole in the graph of the function.
REMOVABLE
27
— slope of a tangent line
DERIVATIVE
28
— straight line that is tangent to a curve and touches a function at only one point.
TANGENT LINE
29
a line l passing through distinct points (X0 , Y0) and (X1 , Y1) has a slope : → ml = y1 – y0 x1 – x0 ● lines are secant lines
Slope of a Tangent Line
30
SLOPE FORMULA
RISE OVER RUN
31
FORMS OF A SLOPE OF A TAGENT LINE (3)
POINT SLOPE SLOPE INTERCEPT GENERAL EQUATION OF A LINE
32
○ y - y0 = m (x - x0) ○ y - y1 = m (x - x1)
point slope form
33
○ y = mx + b
slope-intercept form :
34
○ Ax + By + C = 0
general equation of a line
35
RULES IN FINDING THE DERIVATIVE (6)
CONSTANT POWER CONSTANT MULTIPLE THE SUM PRODUCT QUOTIENT
36
○ if f(x) = c where c is a constant, then f 1(x) = 0. The derivative of a constant is equal to 0.
CONSTANT RULE
37
if f(x) = xn where n ∈ N, then f1(x) = nx n - 1
POWER RULE
38
○ if f(x) = k h(x) where k is a constant, then : then f1(x) = k h1(x)
CONSTANT MULTIPLE RULE
39
○ if f(x) = g(x) + h(x) where g and h are differentiable functions, then f 1(x) = g1(x) + h1(x)
SUM RULE
40
○ the derivative of the product is NOT the product of the derivative. ○ If f and g are differentiable functions, then : → Dx [f(x) g(x)] = f(x) g 1(x) + g(x) f 1(x) ○ states that the derivative of the product of two differentiable functions is the first function times the derivative of the second function plus the second function times the derivative of the first function.
PRODUCT RULE
41
let f(x) and g(x) be two differentiable functions with g(x) ≠ 0.
QUOTIENT RULE
42
is the square of the original denominator
DENOMINATOR