Bartlett's (1932) Theory of Reconstrutive Memory

Question 1

What is active reconstruction?

Answer 1

Memory is not an exact copy of what we experienced, but an interpretation or reconstruction of events that are influenced by our schema ( expectation when we remember them again

Question 2

What is a schema (memory)?

Answer 2

A packet of knowledge about an event, person or place that influences how we understand and remember

Question 3

How schemas influence memory- What is omissions?

Answer 3

We leave out unfamiliar, irrelevant or unpleasant details when remembering something. Our schema simplifies the information

Question 4

How schemas influence memory- What is transformation?

Answer 4

Details are changed to make them more familiar and rational ( logic)

Question 5

How schemas influence memory- What is Familiarisation?

Answer 5

We change unfamiliar details to arrange our own schema

Question 6

How schemas influence memory- What is rationalisation?

Answer 6

We add details into our recall to give a reason for something that may not have originally fitted with a schema

Question 7

What is a cognitive interview?

Answer 7

A police interview designed to ensure a witness to a crime does not actively reconstruct their memory

Question 8

What is ecological validity?

Answer 8

The extent to which the findings still explain the behaviour in different situations

Question 9

What is Subjective?

Answer 9

Based on personal opinion or feelings

Question 10

How schemas are formed?

Answer 10

• Schemas are formed throughout our lives through experiences.g. languages
• We build schemas through personal experiences
• Schemas are unique and personal to us