Band 5 Questions

Question 1

Band 5 responsibilities

Answer 1

1. Lab work
2. Sample processing
3. Data analysis
4. Quality control
5. Documentation
6. Patient interaction
7. Continuing education
8. Health and safety

Question 2

Can you explain the principle and application of fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) in genetic diagnostics, and describe a scenario where it would be particularly useful?

Answer 2

Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) is a cytogenetic technique used to detect and localize specific DNA sequences on chromosomes. The principle behind FISH involves the hybridization of fluorescently labeled DNA probes to complementary sequences within the chromosomes. These probes can be specific to particular genes or chromosomal regions. When the probes bind to their target sequences, they emit fluorescence that can be visualized under a fluorescence microscope, allowing for the identification and localization of genetic material.

Question 3

FISH is particularly useful in several diagnostic scenarios. One common application is

Answer 3

in the diagnosis of genetic disorders such as Down syndrome, where it can detect the presence of an extra copy of chromosome 21. Another key use is in cancer diagnostics; for instance, FISH can identify specific gene rearrangements, amplifications, or deletions associated with certain cancers, such as the HER2 gene amplification in breast cancer. This information is crucial for determining prognosis and guiding treatment decisions.

Question 4

In summary, FISH is…

Answer 4

a powerful tool in genetic diagnostics that provides precise localization of genetic material, enabling the detection of chromosomal abnormalities and aiding in the diagnosis and management of genetic disorders and cancers.

Question 5

Describe the difference between karyotyping and FISH analysis. (Explain the purpose and process of each technique).

Answer 5

-Karyotyping provides a general picture of chromosome health.
-FISH analysis offers a more focused look at specific regions of DNA.
-Both techniques play a vital role in diagnosing genetic disorders.
-they differ in their scope and resolution

Question 6

How do you prioritize your workload when faced with multiple deadlines?

Answer 6

Here’s how I would prioritize my workload when faced with multiple deadlines:

1. Consider urgency and impact:
   -i would analyze all tasks/deadlines. Not all deadlines are created equal. Some tasks might have stricter consequences for missing them compared to others. For instance, a critical report due the next day might be more urgent than a progress update due at the end of the week.
2. Estimate time commitment:
   Next, I would estimate the amount of time each task would realistically take to complete. This helps determine which tasks can be tackled concurrently and which require dedicated focus.
3. Utilize the Eisenhower Matrix (optional):
   You can leverage a prioritization framework like the Eisenhower Matrix. This categorizes tasks based on urgency (important/not important) and impact (urgent/not urgent). Tasks that are both urgent and important take priority, followed by urgent but less impactful tasks. Important but not urgent tasks can be scheduled for dedicated time slots, while non-urgent and unimportant tasks can be delegated or rescheduled.
4. Plan and schedule:
   Based on the urgency, impact, and estimated time, I would create a schedule for completing the tasks. This might involve:
   Batching similar tasks: Grouping tasks that require similar skills or resources together to minimize switching costs.
   Creating a realistic timeline: Factoring in breaks and buffer time to avoid last-minute scrambling.
5. Communicate and delegate (if possible):

If the workload feels overwhelming, consider if any tasks can be delegated to colleagues or outsourced (if permitted). It’s also important to communicate potential delays to stakeholders and manage expectations proactively.

6. Stay focused and avoid distractions:
   Once I have a plan, I would minimize distractions and focus on completing the most important tasks first. Techniques like setting timers or using focus apps can be helpful.
7. Be flexible and adapt:
   Inevitably, priorities can shift. It’s important to be flexible and adjust the schedule as needed while keeping the most critical deadlines in mind.

Question 7

Why are you interested in working as a Band 5 Genetic Technologist in the NHS?

Answer 7

Express passion for the field, commitment to patient care, and understanding of the NHS role
-what initially drew you to genetics (amazed by a breakthrough like CRISPR gene editing technology and its potential to revolutionize medicine

Question 8

Example of a breakthrough in genetics from July 2024

Answer 8

Prime Editing Efficiently Corrects Cystic Fibrosis Mutation in Human Lung Cells

Question 9

what is prime editing?

Answer 9

-is a recent advancement in the field of genome editing. It’s a precise and versatile technique that allows researchers to make targeted changes to DNA sequences.
-Prime editing enables researchers to directly insert or replace specific stretches of DNA at a desired location in the genome.
This offers the potential to correct disease-causing mutations, introduce new genetic information, or even delete unwanted genetic elements.
-utilizes two key components: -Prime Editor (PE): This is a fusion protein combining a Cas9 nickase enzyme (modified Cas9 that nicks one DNA strand instead of causing a double-strand break) and a reverse transcriptase enzyme.
-Prime Editing Guide RNA (pegRNA)

Question 10

Give an example of when you worked well as part of a team

Answer 10

when QS3 broke down during an important pgx 3pm run on a Friday. We all identified the issue as a high WWC sample, and not dilution was performed, clogging up the magnetic rods. informed a senior member of staff. cleaned up the machine, took off the samples. labelled the machine