Bacteriophages

Question 1

meaning of phages

Answer 1

phagos = eating (they infect and kill the bacteria - looks like they eat them)

Question 2

Morphology

Answer 2

• High diversity! - all kinds of NA and symmetry

- Groups A-G

Question 3

Biological properties

-penetration

Answer 3

use special routes, because bacterial cell structure consist of both cell membrane and cell wall

Question 4

Biological properties

-phage typing

Answer 4

Tb phage - specific bacterial hosts

Question 5

Why do we use phage titer increase?

Answer 5

because it’s easier to detect and count bacteriophages than ex. Salmonella

Question 6

lysogen infection

Answer 6

temperate phage (prophage)
->phage induction: lytic infection - virulent or vegetative phage

Question 7

lysogen conversion

Answer 7

changed bacterial properties, ie. toxin production - beta phage
(toxin production -> severe clinical signs i humans)

Question 8

transduction

Answer 8

gene transfer between bacteria

Question 9

!Lytic effect on bacteria!

Answer 9

potential antibacterial treatment of infected vetrebrate hosts, if antibiotics are not applicable

Question 10

what is the problem with the lytic effect on bacteria?

Answer 10

there’s problems with application (antigens) - bacteriophages = antigens

Question 11

! Tbilissi (Tb) phage

Answer 11

Brucella typing

Question 12

! T4 phage

Answer 12

Escherichia coli - big, complicated phage (live in intestines)

Question 13

! Beta phage

Answer 13

Corynebacterium diphtheriae conversion -> diphtheria

Question 14

! Lambda phage

Answer 14

Escherichia coli - genetic model virus, DNA marker

Question 15

! φX174 phage

pronounced: phi-ki-174

Answer 15

Escherichia coli - the smallest known virus