bacterial reproduction and genetics Flashcards
What are the mechanisms by which multi-drug resistant plasmids arise?
transposition
What are the mechanisms by which bacteria exchange genes?
conjugation
transformation
transduction
how does the bacterial chromosome look? how many chromosomes do bacteria have?
it is 1 circular dsDNA
what is a plasmid?
it is an extra genetic chromosomal element
what type of genes can you find in plasmids?
Fertility plasmid *– genes directing transfer of plasmid to other cells
Genes for antibiotic resistance *
Genes for most bacterial exotoxins *
Transposons *
what is a bacteriophage?
virus that infects bacteria
what is a prophage?
when the bacteriophage infects the bacteria and the viral gene integrates in the bacterial genome
what is a transposon?
“jumping genes”
Leave a copy of themselves at the original site they jump.
what is the importance of transposons?
Spread of genes for antibiotic resistance
what are the 3 forms of horizontal gene transference?
Conjugation
Transduction
Transformation
how does transduction always occur?
through bacteriophages
is there cell-to-cell contact during transduction?
no
what two ways does transduction occur?
- Generalized Transduction
2. Specialized transduction
