bacterial reproduction and genetics Flashcards

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0
Q

What are the mechanisms by which multi-drug resistant plasmids arise?

A

transposition

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1
Q

What are the mechanisms by which bacteria exchange genes?

A

conjugation
transformation
transduction

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2
Q

how does the bacterial chromosome look? how many chromosomes do bacteria have?

A

it is 1 circular dsDNA

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3
Q

what is a plasmid?

A

it is an extra genetic chromosomal element

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4
Q

what type of genes can you find in plasmids?

A

Fertility plasmid *– genes directing transfer of plasmid to other cells
Genes for antibiotic resistance *
Genes for most bacterial exotoxins *
Transposons *

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5
Q

what is a bacteriophage?

A

virus that infects bacteria

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6
Q

what is a prophage?

A

when the bacteriophage infects the bacteria and the viral gene integrates in the bacterial genome

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7
Q

what is a transposon?

A

“jumping genes”

Leave a copy of themselves at the original site they jump.

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8
Q

what is the importance of transposons?

A

Spread of genes for antibiotic resistance

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9
Q

what are the 3 forms of horizontal gene transference?

A

Conjugation
Transduction
Transformation

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10
Q

how does transduction always occur?

A

through bacteriophages

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11
Q

is there cell-to-cell contact during transduction?

A

no

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12
Q

what two ways does transduction occur?

A
  1. Generalized Transduction

2. Specialized transduction

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