Bacillus anthracis Flashcards
what are the two forms of B. anthracis?
Cutaneous anthrax
Pulmonary anthrax
what human infections will B. anthracis cause?
Wool-sorter’s & hide-porter’s disease *
what individuals can acquire hide-porter’s disease *?
handlers of infected wildlife *
how often does anthrax occur in the US?
its rare
Anthrax has this very dangerous and potential use in the world?
what part of B. anthracis is used for this?
used as agent of bio-warfare or bio-terrorism *
Anthrax spores is used for bio-warfare or bio-terrorism*
B. anthracis contains this polypeptide in its capsule?
poly-D-glutamate
what is the toxin B. anthracis contains?
Anthrax toxin*
the Anthrax toxin* is composed of these factors?
- Edema factor (EF)
- Lethal factor (LF)
- Protective antigen (PA)
what is the factor that helps by being Anti-phagocytic?
Capsule (glutamate capsule) *
the edema factor will produce this?
Edema toxin *
through what mechanism will the edema factor cause edema?
cAMP
what factor will be a Zinc-metalloprotease?
what kind of damage will this factor produce in the human body?
lethal toxin (factor)
will cause tissue necrosis
what symptoms will lead to a diagnosis of cutaneous anthrax?
→ Central black eschar * with surrounding pustules “malignant pustule” *
→ Marked extensive edema
what type of anthrax is this?
what is this symptom?
cutaneous
black eschars
what type of anthrax is this?
what is this symptom?
cutaneous
black eschars
what type of anthrax is this?
what is this symptom?
cutaneous
malignant pustule
how do you acquire pulmonary anthrax?
inhalation of spores
how many phases are in the pulmonary acquired anthrax?
what are they?
Phase 1: insidious onset
Phase 2 : sudden onset
what symptoms are seen in Phase 1 of pulmonary anthrax?
- nonproductive cough
- complaint of substernal discomfort
what symptoms are seen in Phase 2 of pulmonary anthrax?
Severe chest pain
widened mediastinum,*
enlarged hilar lymph nodes,*
pleural effusions *
what is the symptoms that leads to suspect anthrax?
mediastinal widening *
what is the treatment for anthrax?
Ciproflaxin and doxycyclin
what prevention is there for anthrax?
Toxoid vaccine
what toxins can combine and cause edema?
edema factor and protective factor
what toxins can combined and cause cell death?
lethal and protective factors
can pulmonary anthrax be passed by coughing on people?
no, not contagious, only passed by inhaling the spores
how do you acquire Wool’s sorter disease?
Handlers of processed hides, goat hair, wool,
what is wool’s sorters disease?
pulmonary anthrax
what is Hide-porter’s disease*?
Cutaneous anthrax
