bacteria 14-15

Question 1

neisseria is gram negative and has ______ compared to having LPS which lacks O antigen extensions.

this bacteria is common in

Answer 1

lipooligosaccharide

common in oral flora and other mucous membranes

Question 2

virulence factors of N. gonorrhoeae

Answer 2

1. pili
2. Antigenic-variation adhesins
3. OPA IgA protease endotoxins/LOS

Question 3

does n. gonorrhoeae have capsule and vaccine?
does n. meningitidis have capsule and vaccine?

Answer 3

no cap and no vaccine
yes cap and yes vaccine

Question 4

what is the result of antigenic variation of bacterial surface proteins for gonorrhea?

Answer 4

antigenic structure of pilus protein is constantly changing

Question 5

what is phase variation for pathogenesis of gonorrhea?

Answer 5

on/off switch for surface protein expression

Question 6

in neisseriae, this results from presence of multiple identical repeated sequences at 5’ end of gene. replication errors due to strand misalignment creates reading frame errors.
causing premature stop codons (so proteins can no longer be recognized by immune factors)

this can results in frequent variations in OPA protein expression or absence

Answer 6

slipped strand mispairing

Question 7

this virulence factor for gonorrhhoeae mediates bacterial attachment to non-ciliated epithelia bacteria proliferate and shed into secretions

Answer 7

pili

Question 8

this virulence factor for gonorrhhoeae is useful for cleaving IgA and coating bacteria with Fab fragments

Answer 8

IgA protease

Question 9

this is frequently asymptomatic and can cause Pelvic inflammatory disease or Opthalmia neonatorum

Answer 9

gonorrhea

Question 10

this can cross blood brain barrier and multiply in subarachnoid space

Answer 10

neisseria meningitidis

Question 11

this is preventable by vaccine against CAPSULAR polysaccharides for some meningiococcal strains

Answer 11

neisseria meningitidis

Question 12

gram negative bacteria of human colon/oral cavity=

which means

Answer 12

bacteroidales (bacteroides)

strict anerobes

Question 13

this is the most frequently isolated from clinical specimens of abcesses caused by intestinal bacteria
-most oxygen-resistant bacteroides

this is because this bacteria has the ability to

Answer 13

bacteroides fragilis

ability to resist phagocytosis

Question 14

how to treat bacteroidales

Answer 14

surgery and antibiotic combinations (target aerobes and anaerobes)

Question 15

what are the virulence factors for bacteroidales

Answer 15

superoxide dismutase
catalase
polysaccharide capsule

Question 16

diseases caused when bacteroidales are introduced into deep tissues

Answer 16

peritonitis and pulmonary abscess

Question 17

bacteroides fragilis is one component in these diseases

Answer 17

biphasic and bacterial composition chagnes

Question 18

these two virulence factors of bacteroidales allows survival in well oxygenated peritoneal cavity and helps bacteria resisting killing by phagocytosis

Answer 18

catalase and superoxide dismutase