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MSK > Back Angiology > Flashcards

Back Angiology Flashcards

1
Q

What is the first branch off of the Aortic Arch?

A

Braciocephalic Trunk

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2
Q

Describe the Vertebral A. origin and travel points:

A
  • Travels superiorly in the Transverse Foramina of the Cervical Vertebrae C6-1
  • exits the Transverse Foramen of the Atlas, crosses over the Posterior Arch of the Atlas, where it is visible in the floor of the Suboccipital Triangle
  • sends a branch anteriorly to meet with a similar contralateral branch to form the Anterior Spinal A. and a branch posteriorly, the Posterior Spinal A.
  • then enters the Posterior Cranial Fossa through the Foramen Magnum and meets up with the contralateral Vertebral A. to form the Basilar A.
  • Produces Paraspinal As.
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3
Q

What A. is this?

A

Vertebral A.

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4
Q

What A. Is this? What is its origin and travel points?

A

Anterior Spinal A.
- formed by two branches from each Vertebral A. that unite in the midline

  • travels inferiorly in the Anterior Median Fissure, produces Sulcal As.
  • the Anterior Spinal A. is additionally supplied by Anterior Segmental Medullary As. along the length of the Spinal Cord)
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5
Q

What is the function of the Sucal A.?

A

supplies blood to the anterior 2/3 of the Spinal Cord

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6
Q

What A. Is this? What is its origin and travel points?

A

Posterior Spinal A.
- paired arteries from the Vertebral A.

  • travel inferiorly along the Spinal Cord, may arise from the Posterior Inferior Cerebellar A.
  • the Posterior Spinal As. are additionally supplied by Posterior Segmental Medullary As. along the length of the Spinal Cord
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7
Q

What A. is this? What is its travel points?

A

Internal Thoracic Artery
- travels inferiorly to posterior aspect of anterior chest wall between the ribs and the transverse thoracic m.

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8
Q

What A. is this?

A

Inferior Thyroid A. (travels superiorly to supply the Thyroid Gland)

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9
Q

What A. is this?

A

Ascending Cervical A. (produces Paraspinal As.)

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10
Q

What A. is this?

A

Suprascapular A. (travels over the Scapula to supply the Supraspinatus and Infraspinatus Ms.)

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11
Q

What A. is this?

A

Transverse Cervical A. (travels posteriorly across the Neck, where it variably branches into a Deep and Superficial Branch, if no branching occurs it travels to the deep surface of the Trapezius M.)

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12
Q

What are the possible branches of the Transverse Cervical A.?

A
  • Superficial Branch (travels with the Spinal Accessory N. along the deep surface of the Trapezius M.)

​​​​​- Deep Branch (if present, replaces the Dorsal Scapular A. traveling along the medial Border of the Scapula supplying the Levator Scapulae and Rhomboid Ms.)

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13
Q

What structure is this?

A

Costocervical Trunk

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14
Q

What A. is this?

A

Deep Cervical A. (produces Paraspinal As.)

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15
Q

What A. is this?

A

Supreme Intercostal A. (to 1st and 2nd posterior intercostal spaces)

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16
Q

What A. is this?

A

Dorsal Scapular A. (variably arises from the 3rd part of the Subclavian A., travels superior to the Scapula then along the medial Border of the Scapula supplying the Levator Scapulae and Rhomboid Ms., if this vessel arises from the Transverse Cervical A. it is known as the Deep Branch of the Transverse Cervical A.)

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17
Q

What A. is this?

A

Superior Thoracic A. (travels to thoracic wall; supplies 1st–2nd intercostal spaces and supe- riormost serratus anterior m.)

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18
Q

What A. is this?

A

Subscapular A. (largest, yet shortest branch of the Axillary A. after its origin it quickly terminates into its two terminal branches)

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19
Q

What A. is this?

A

Thoracordorsal A. (continues in the direction of the Subscapular A., supplies the Latissimus Dorsi M.)

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20
Q

What A. is this?

A

Anterior Circumflex Humeral A.

21
Q

What A. is this?

A

Posterior Circumflex Humeral A.

22
Q

What A. is this?

A

Posterior Intercostal A. (segmental branches of the Descending Aorta, produces Paraspinal As.)

23
Q

What is the function of Subcostal A.?

A
  • T12 segmental artery
  • produces Paraspinal As.
24
Q

What are the 2 main arteries that come off the thoracic descending aorta to supply the back?

A
  • Posterior Intercostal A.
  • Subcostal A.
25
Q

What are the 2 main arteries that come off the Abdominal Descending Aorta to supply the back?

A
  • Common Iliac A.
  • Lumbar A.
26
Q

What is the function of the Lumbar A.?

A
  • 1-4 Lumbar segmental arteries
  • produces Paraspinal As.
27
Q

What is the function of the Common Iliac A.? What arteries comes off of it?

A
  • paried terminal branches of the Abdominal Aorta
  • the Common Iliac (bilaterally) splits into two more sub-divisions (Internal Iliac A. and External Iliac A.)
28
Q

What is the function and further divisions of the Internal Iliac A.?

A
  • has two divisions (Anterior and Posterior)
  • Anterior division: supplies Pelvic Viscera, Gluteal Region, and Perineum
  • Posterior division: Iliolumbar A. (produces Paraspinal As.); Lateral Sacral A. (produces Paraspinal As.); and Superior Gluteal A.
29
Q

What is the function of Paraspinal As.?

A
  • these branches supply the Vertebrae, Spinal Cord, and surrounding structures
  • feed directly into the Anterior and Posterior Spinal As., especially in the regions of the Cervical and Lumbar enlargements of the Spinal Cord to assist in the very small Spinal As. in supplying the Spinal Cord
30
Q

What is the function of Dorsal Branch of Paraspinal As.?

A
  • travels w/ the Posterior Ramus of the Spinal Nerve
  • supplies the Spinous Processes with Periosteal and Nutrient branches
31
Q

What is the function of the Equatorial Branch of Paraspinal As.?

A
  • occur at every level of the Vertebral Column
  • supply the Vertebrae
32
Q

What is the function of Periosteal Branches of the Paraspinal As.?

A
  • occur at every level of the Vertebral Column
  • supply the Periostium of the Vertebrae
33
Q

What are the 7 branches/arteries off the Spinal Branches of the Paraspinal As.?

A
  • Anterior Vertebral Canal Branch
  • Posterior Vertebral Canal Branch
  • Anterior Radicular A.
  • Posterior Radicular A.
  • Anterior Segmental Medullary A.
  • Posterior Segmental Medullary A.
  • Great Anterior Segmental Medullary A.
34
Q

What is the function of Spinal Branches of Paraspinal As.?

A
  • occur at every Thoracic level of Vertebral Column
  • travel through the Intervertebral Foramen
  • produce Anterior and Posterior Vertebral Canal Branches
  • produce Anterior and Posterior Radicular As. or Anterior and Posterior Segmental Medullary As.
35
Q

What is the function of the Anterior Vertebral Canal Branch of the Spinal Branches?

A
  • produce ascending and descending branches that communicate with other Anterior Vertebral Canal Branches
  • produce Nutrient As.
36
Q

What is the function of Nutrient A. of the Anterior Vertebral Canal Branch?

A

supply the Marrow Cavity of the Vertebral Body

37
Q

What is the function of Posterior Vertebral Canal Branch of Spinal Branch?

A

supply the Vertebral Arch

38
Q

What is the function of the Anterior Radicular A. of the Spinal Branch?

A
  • occur at every level a Spinal Branch exists unless replaced by a larger Anterior Segmental Medullary A.
  • supplies the Ventral Roots of the Spinal Nerves
39
Q

What is the function of Posterior Radicular A. of the Spinal Branch?

A
  • occur at every level that a Spinal Branch exists unless replaced by a larger Posterior Segmental Medullary A.
  • supplies the Dorsal Roots of Spinal N.
40
Q

What is the function of the Anterior Segmental Medullary A. of the Spinal Branch?

A
  • occurs sporadically near the Cervical and Lumbosacral Enlargements of the Spinal Cord in place of Radicular As.
  • feed directly into the Anterior Spinal A.
41
Q

What is the function of the Posterior Segmental Medullary A. of the Spinal Branch?

A
  • occur sporadically near the Cervical and Lumbosacral Enlargements of the Spinal Cord in place of the Radicular As.
  • feed directly into the Posterior Spinal As.
42
Q

What is the function of the Great Anterior Segmental Medullary A. of Spinal Branch?

A

A much larger Anterior Segmental Medullary A. that typically branches from a Posterior Intercostal A. or Lumbar A.

43
Q

Summary of 8 Paraspinal As. (the following As. produce repeating segmental vessels that supply vertebrae and paraspinal structures with Periosteal Branches, Equatorial Branches and Spinal Branches)

A
  1. Vertebral A. (from Subclavian A.)
  2. Ascending Cervical A. (from Inferior Thyroid A.)
  3. Deep Cervical A. (from Costocervical Trunk)
  4. Posterior Intercostal A. (from Descending Aorta)
  5. Subcostal A. (from Descending Aorta)
  6. Lumbar A. (from Descending Aorta)
  7. Iliolumbar A. (from Internal Iliac A.)
  8. Lateral Sacral A. (from Internal Iliac A.)
44
Q

What is the location and function of External Vertebral Venous Plexus?

A
  • exist anteriorly and posteriorly
  • drain Basivertebral Vs., empty into Segmental veins (Lumbar, Subcostal, Posterior Intercostal)
  • communicates freely with the Internal Vertebral venous Plexus
45
Q

What is the location and function of Internal Vertebral Venous Plexus?

A
  • exist in the Vertebral Canal
  • drains Anterior and Posterior Medullary and Radicular Vs.
  • also drains Basivertebral Vs.
  • empties into Intervertebral Vs. or the Cranial Dural Venous Sinuses
46
Q

What is the function of the Anterior Medullary V.?

A
  • up to 12 branches
  • drain the Anterior Spinal V. into the Internal Vertebral Venous Plexus
  • Anterior Spinal V.: typically three longitudinal, freely communicating branches
47
Q

What is the function of the Posterior Medullary V.?

A
  • up to 12 branches
  • drain the Posterior Spinal V. into the Internal Vertebral Venous Plexus
  • Posterior Spinal V.: typically three longitudinal, freely communicating branches
48
Q

What is the function of Anterior and Posterior Radicular Vs.?

A
  • communicate w/ the Internal Vertebral Venous Plexus
49
Q

What is the function of the Intervertebral V.?

A
  • drain the Internal Vertebral Venous Plexus into Segmental Vs. (Lumbar, Subcostal, Posterior Intercostal)
  • communicates with the External Vertebral Venous Plexus

MSK (33 decks)

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