B9 : Respiration

Question 1

what is energy released used for ?

Answer 1

1. build bigger molecules from smaller ones
2. muscle contaction
3. maintain a stable body temp
4. active transport
5. build sugars, nitrates, other nutrients Ito amino acids

Question 2

liver’s functions ?

Answer 2

1. detoxify substances like ethanol
2. passing breakdown products into blood to be excreted in urine via the kidney
3. break down old, worn out blood cells /storing iron to Mae more blood cells
4. liver converts lactic acid back to glucose, by oxidising it

Question 3

what reactions are included in metabolism ?

Answer 3

1. builds larger molecules from smaller ones
   - controlled by enzymes

lipids molecules from glycerol and fatty acids
UREA formed from broken down proteins
AMINO ACIDS from GLUCOSE AND NITRATE IONS
Glucose from STARCH/GLYCOGEN/CELLULOSE

Question 4

aerobic respiration equin?

Answer 4

glucose + oxygen –> co2 + water + (energy)

Question 5

anaerobic repartition equin?

Answer 5

glucose –> lactic acid + (energy)

Question 6

what is oxygen debt and equation?

Answer 6

the amount of oxgen needed to break down lactic acid into co2 + water is oxygen debt.
lactic acid + oxygen –> co2 + water

Question 7

anaerobic respiration in yeast cells?

Answer 7

glucose –> ethanol + Co2

Question 8

compare aerobic repsiration and anaerobic respiration?

Answer 8

• aerobic releases MORE energy , than anaerobic
• aerobic needs O2, anaerobic doesnt
• aerobic produces CO2 + water, anaerobic produces lactic acid
• glcuoses is completely broken down in aerobic repsiration, but partially broken in anaerobic

Question 9

how does the build up lactic acid cause muscles to contract less efficently?

Answer 9

• Lactic acid is toxic / Lowers pH of muscles
• slowing down enzyme activity