B7 - Non-communicable diseases 1️⃣✅

Question 1

What is a malignant tumour?

Answer 1

Cancerous tumours that can spread to neighbouring tissues and other parts of the body in the blood, forming secondary tumours

Question 2

What is a benign tumour?

Answer 2

Non-cancerous tumours that do not spread in the body

Question 3

What is a risk factor?

Answer 3

A risk factor is any aspect of your lifestyle or substance in your body that can increase the risk of a disease developing

Question 4

What is cancer?

Answer 4

Cancer is the result of changes in cells that lead to uncontrolled growth and division by mitosis

Question 5

What can obesity cause?

Answer 5

Type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular diseases

Question 6

What diseases can alcohol cause?

Answer 6

Damaged liver function, damaged brain function and affected development for unborn babies

Question 7

What diseases can smoking cause?

Answer 7

Lung disease, cancers and affected development for unborn babies

Question 8

What is correlation?

Answer 8

Correlation is when you have a trend in similar data/ when a trend pattern is the same.

Question 9

Does correlation always have a link?

Answer 9

Not necessarily, Scientists have to collect data evidence from experiments to decide if we can explain a link or not

Question 10

What is coronary heart disease?

Answer 10

A layer of fatty material that builds up inside the coronary arteries, narrowing them - this results in a lack of oxygen for the heart

Question 11

Define health

Answer 11

The state of physical state or mental well-being

Question 12

What factors can affect health?

Answer 12

Disease, diet, exercise, stress and life situations

Question 13

Give 6 risk factors

Answer 13

Diet, smoking, alcohol, exercise, genetic risk factors and carcinogens

Question 14

What are carcinogens

Answer 14

A substance capable of causing cancer in a living tissue e.g. ionising radiation

Question 15

What is a stent?

Answer 15

A device inserted into a blocked artery to keep it open, allowing more blood and oxygen to the heart

Question 16

Why is it unsafe to drink alcohol when pregnant?

Answer 16

It is unsafe to drink whilst pregnant because it passes through the placenta and to the developing baby. Miscarriages, premature births and stillbirths are all risks of drinking alcohol whilst pregnant. As a result of drinking, the baby may have facial deformities, problems with it’s teeth or jaw or kidney, heart or liver problems

Question 17

What is alcohol?

Answer 17

Alcohol is a commonly used social drug, If excessively consumed, it may effect the liver and result in it having to be removed.

Question 18

What does alcohol actually do?

Answer 18

After an alcoholic drink, the ethanol is absorbed into the blood from the gut and passes easily to the stomach tissues, including the brain. It affects the nervous system making thought process, reflexes and many other reactions slower than normal

Question 19

What is ionising radiation?

Answer 19

Ionising radiation in the form of many other electromagnetic waves is a well known carcinogen (risk factor of cancer)

Question 20

What is cardiovascular disease?

Answer 20

Cardiovascular disease is a disease of the heart or blood vessels