B7 Flashcards
What are non-communicable disease
Disease that cannot be spread from person too person
What are the risk factors of the disease
- genes
- smoking
- lack of exercise
- over-eating
- ionic radiate
- uv light
What are links between two things called
Correlation
What is a casual mechanism
A casual mechanism explains how one factor influences another through biological process
What is a tumor
A tumor cells divides rapidly with no or little time for growth in between
What is a benign tumour
Are growths of abnormal cells contained in one place by a membrane. They can grow large and can pressure or damage an organ which can be life threatening
What are malignant tumours
They are commonly referred to as cancer. The initial tumour would be split up releasing clumps into the the bloodstream. It could be lodged in another organ. It may create uncontrolled cell division again to form secondary tumours.
What are some causes of cancers
- genetic risk factors
- mutation(change in genetic material)
- ionising radiation
- viral disease
What are tar and asbestos and what do they cause
They are carcinogens and they cause mutation
What are ways to treat cancer
Radiotherapy-this kills the cell through concentrated amounts of radiation
Chemotherapy-this is when chemicals are used to stop cancer or make them self destruct
What is nicotine
This is a addictive but harmless drug that creates sensation of calm
What is carbon manoxide
This takes up to 10% of the bloods oxygen capacity causing shortage of oxygen
What are the consequences of smoking during in pregnancy
Fetus may not get us much oxygen to grow properly, this may lead premature birth,low birthweight babies and even stillbirths
What is tar and what does it do
Tar is a sticky black substance that accumulates in the lungs. It turns it from pink to grey. It makes the risk of bronchitis higher and can lead to the break down of alveoli. It is also a carcinogen
What does smoking do your blood vessels
It narrows them and nicotine makes the heart rate increase
What happens if you eat too much more food than you need
The excess is stored as fat
What are the problems with obesity
It can lead too:
- type 2 diabetes
- high blood pressure
- heart disease
What do people that do exercise have
They have fitter hearts and bigger lungs
What are people who are less physically active likely to develop
Cardiovascular diseases
The increase in muscle mass increases what
Your metabolic rate
What does regular exercise do too you cholesterol
Lower it
What are the consequences of type 2 diabetes
- problems with circulation
- problems with kidney function
- problems with eyesight
- eventual death
What can you do to combat Type 2 Diabete
Control the amount of carbohydrates,losing weight, and doing regular exercise
What the effects of drinking alcohol
It effect the nervous system making thought process,reflexes and many reactions slower
What organ removes alcohol from your system
The liver
What can happen if too much alcohol is drunk
- cirrhosis of the liver, the active liver cells are replaced by scar tissue
- alcohol is a carcinogen so it may cause cancer
- it may effect the brain causing to go soft and lose it structure so it can’t function properly
What are the risks of drinking while pregnant
- facial deformities
- problems with the teeth,jaws,hearing,kidney,liver and heart
- fetal alcohol syndrome
What are ionising radiation
This is radiation that penetrates the cell and damages the chromosomes which mutates them
What are sources of ionising radiation
- ultraviolet light from the sun
- radioactive materials
- x-rays
- accidents in nuclear power plants
