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Biology > B7 > Flashcards

B7 Flashcards

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1
Q

What are non-communicable disease

A

Disease that cannot be spread from person too person

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2
Q

What are the risk factors of the disease

A
  • genes
  • smoking
  • lack of exercise
  • over-eating
  • ionic radiate
  • uv light
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3
Q

What are links between two things called

A

Correlation

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4
Q

What is a casual mechanism

A

A casual mechanism explains how one factor influences another through biological process

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5
Q

What is a tumor

A

A tumor cells divides rapidly with no or little time for growth in between

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6
Q

What is a benign tumour

A

Are growths of abnormal cells contained in one place by a membrane. They can grow large and can pressure or damage an organ which can be life threatening

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7
Q

What are malignant tumours

A

They are commonly referred to as cancer. The initial tumour would be split up releasing clumps into the the bloodstream. It could be lodged in another organ. It may create uncontrolled cell division again to form secondary tumours.

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8
Q

What are some causes of cancers

A
  • genetic risk factors
  • mutation(change in genetic material)
  • ionising radiation
  • viral disease
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9
Q

What are tar and asbestos and what do they cause

A

They are carcinogens and they cause mutation

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10
Q

What are ways to treat cancer

A

Radiotherapy-this kills the cell through concentrated amounts of radiation

Chemotherapy-this is when chemicals are used to stop cancer or make them self destruct

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11
Q

What is nicotine

A

This is a addictive but harmless drug that creates sensation of calm

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12
Q

What is carbon manoxide

A

This takes up to 10% of the bloods oxygen capacity causing shortage of oxygen

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13
Q

What are the consequences of smoking during in pregnancy

A

Fetus may not get us much oxygen to grow properly, this may lead premature birth,low birthweight babies and even stillbirths

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14
Q

What is tar and what does it do

A

Tar is a sticky black substance that accumulates in the lungs. It turns it from pink to grey. It makes the risk of bronchitis higher and can lead to the break down of alveoli. It is also a carcinogen

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15
Q

What does smoking do your blood vessels

A

It narrows them and nicotine makes the heart rate increase

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16
Q

What happens if you eat too much more food than you need

A

The excess is stored as fat

17
Q

What are the problems with obesity

A

It can lead too:

  • type 2 diabetes
  • high blood pressure
  • heart disease
18
Q

What do people that do exercise have

A

They have fitter hearts and bigger lungs

19
Q

What are people who are less physically active likely to develop

A

Cardiovascular diseases

20
Q

The increase in muscle mass increases what

A

Your metabolic rate

21
Q

What does regular exercise do too you cholesterol

A

Lower it

22
Q

What are the consequences of type 2 diabetes

A
  • problems with circulation
  • problems with kidney function
  • problems with eyesight
  • eventual death
23
Q

What can you do to combat Type 2 Diabete

A

Control the amount of carbohydrates,losing weight, and doing regular exercise

24
Q

What the effects of drinking alcohol

A

It effect the nervous system making thought process,reflexes and many reactions slower

25
Q

What organ removes alcohol from your system

A

The liver

26
Q

What can happen if too much alcohol is drunk

A
  • cirrhosis of the liver, the active liver cells are replaced by scar tissue
  • alcohol is a carcinogen so it may cause cancer
  • it may effect the brain causing to go soft and lose it structure so it can’t function properly
27
Q

What are the risks of drinking while pregnant

A
  • facial deformities
  • problems with the teeth,jaws,hearing,kidney,liver and heart
  • fetal alcohol syndrome
28
Q

What are ionising radiation

A

This is radiation that penetrates the cell and damages the chromosomes which mutates them

29
Q

What are sources of ionising radiation

A
  • ultraviolet light from the sun
  • radioactive materials
  • x-rays
  • accidents in nuclear power plants

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