B7-057 CNS Vasculature

Question 1

posterior circulation arises from

Answer 1

vertebral arteries

Question 2

anterior circulation arises from

Answer 2

internal carotid

Question 3

posterior circulation perfuses [6]

Answer 3

medulla
pons
midbrain
thalamus
occipital lobe
ventromedial temporal lobe

Question 4

anterior circulation perfuses [3]

Answer 4

remaining cortex
basal ganglia
hypothalamus

Question 5

an infarct in the basilar artery can result in […] syndrome

Answer 5

locked in syndrome

Question 6

an infarct in the anterior inferior cerebellar artery can result in […] syndrome

Answer 6

lateral pontine syndrome

Question 7

an infarct in the posterior inferior cerebellar artery can result in […] syndrome

Answer 7

lateral medullary syndrome

Question 8

an infarct in the anterior spinal artery can result in […] syndrome

Answer 8

medial medullary

Question 9

supplies the medial medulla

Answer 9

anterior spinal artery

Question 10

supplies the lateral medulla

Answer 10

PICA

Question 11

supplies the medial pons

Answer 11

paramedian branches of basilar

Question 12

supplies the lateral pons

Answer 12

lateral circumferential arteries from basilar

Question 13

most of the midbrain is perfused by

Answer 13

posterior cerebral artery

Question 14

hallmark of brainstem lesion

Answer 14

alternating hemiplegia

Question 15

terminal branches of the basilar

Answer 15

posterior cerebral artery

Question 16

ipsilateral oculomotor opthalmoplegia
contralateral hemiplegia

[what vessel is affected]

Answer 16

PCA at midbrain

(upper alternating hemiplegia)

Question 17

contralateral homonymous hemianopia with macular sparing

[what vessel is affected]

Answer 17

PCA at medial temporal/occipital lobe

Question 18

acute disturbance in memory if lesion is bilateral

[what vessel is affected]

Answer 18

PCA at medial temporal lobe and hippocampus

Question 19

supplies the subcortical regions, including the basal ganglia, thalamus, and internal capsule

Answer 19

lenticulostriate arteries (off MCA)

Question 20

what structures does the anterior (superior) middle cerebral artery supply? [3]

Answer 20

frontal eye fields
Broca’s (dominant hemisphere)
motor cortex

Question 21

what structures does the posterior (inferior) middle cerebral artery supply? [2]

Answer 21

sensory cortex
Wernickes

Question 22

supplies the lateral surface of the frontal and parietal lobes above the lateral sulcus

Answer 22

superior MCA

Question 23

contralateral hemiparesis of face, hand, arm with sparing of the leg and foot

[what vessel is affected]

Answer 23

superior MCA

(face=arm>leg)

Question 24

ipsilateral deviation of the head/eyes

[what vessel is affected]

Answer 24

superior MCA

Question 25

Broca's aphasia with damage to dominant hemisphere [what vessel is affected]

Answer 25

superior MCA

Question 26

supplies the lateral surface of the temporal lobe below the lateral sulcus

Answer 26

inferior MCA

Question 27

Wernicke's aphasia with damage to dominant hemisphere [what vessel is affected]

Answer 27

inferior MCA

Question 28

damage to non-dominant hemisphere results in visual neglect and agitated/confused state [what vessel is affected]

Answer 28

inferior MCA

Question 29

could cause either superior quadrantnopia or homonymous hemianopsia due to damage of the optic radiations [what vessel is affected]

Answer 29

inferior MCA

Question 30

damage to the [...] limb of the internal capsule can cause significant loss of both sensory and motor function

Answer 30

posterior

Question 31

contains the frontopontine fibers and the anterior thalamic nuclei

Answer 31

anterior limb of internal capsule

Question 32

contains corticobulbar fibers

Answer 32

genu of internal capsule

Question 33

contains corticospinal motor fibers, corticopontine fibers, and somatic sensory fibers

Answer 33

posterior limb of the internal capsule

Question 34

contralateral hemiparesis and sensory deficit of entire side due to damage to posterior limb of internal capsule [what vessel is affected]

Answer 34

MCA lenticulostriate (face=arm=leg)

Question 35

contralateral ataxia due to damage of frontopontine fibers in anterior limb of internal capsule [what vessel is affected]

Answer 35

MCA lenticulostriate

Question 36

contralateral lower face hemiparesis due to damage of corticobulbar fibers in genu [what vessel is affected]

Answer 36

MCA lenticulostriate

Question 37

does damage to the MCA lenticulostriates present with cognitive dysfunction?

Answer 37

no

Question 38

bilateral occlusion results in paraplegia affecting lower extremities and **sparing the face and hands** [what vessel is affected]

Answer 38

ACA

Question 39

bilateral occlusion results in frontal lobe syndrome [what vessel is affected]

Answer 39

ACA (loss of will power, inability to make decisions, personality change)

Question 40

bilateral occlusion results in urinary incontinence [what vessel is affected]

Answer 40

ACA

Question 41

unilateral occlusion of the ACA occurs distal to the

Answer 41

anterior communicating artery

Question 42

unilateral occlusion results in contralateral sensorimotor deficits, mainly involving the lower extremity and **sparing the face and hands** [what vessel is affected]

Answer 42

ACA

Question 43

occlusion of ACA proximal to the [...] is well tolerated because of the cross flow

Answer 43

anterior communicating artery

Question 44

pain and temperature information for the body is carried in the [...] brainstem

Answer 44

lateral

Question 45

loss of all facial sensation and weak jaw muscles suggests what nucleus is affected?

Answer 45

trigeminal sensory and motor (lateral pons)

Question 46

blood supply to lateral pons

Answer 46

long circumferential branches of the basilar

Question 47

damage to the corticospinal axons of the posterior limb of the internal capsule would result in

Answer 47

contralateral hemiplegia

Question 48

corticobulbar fibers are located in the [...] of the internal capsule

Answer 48

genu

Question 49

cortocipontine fibers run in the [...] of the internal capsule

Answer 49

anterior limb

Question 50

somatosensory loss from damage to the posterior limb of the internal capsule would be

Answer 50

for all modalities, not a dissociative loss

Question 51

contralateral paralysis and sensory loss of the lower limb urinary incontinence [what vessel is affected?]

Answer 51

ACA

Question 52

supplies the motor and sensory cortices of the lower limb

Answer 52

ACA

Question 53

supplies the motor and sensory cortices of the upper limb, temporal lobe, and frontal lobe

Answer 53

MCA

Question 54

wernickes aphasia due to MCA infarct is associated with [...] due to temporal lobe involvement

Answer 54

right superior quadrantanopia

Question 55

supplies the striatum, internal capsule

Answer 55

lenticulostriate

Question 56

an infarct would cause contralateral paralysis **without** cortical signs

Answer 56

lenticulostriate arteries

Question 57

contralateral hemianopia with macular sparing

Answer 57

PCA

Question 58

if the [...] is spared in basilar artery infarct, consciousness is preserved

Answer 58

RAS (locked in syndrome)

Question 59

loss of horizontal, but not vertical eye movements

Answer 59

basilar artery

Question 60

facial nerve nuclei effects are specific to [...] lesions

Answer 60

AICA

Question 61

ipsilateral sensorineural deafness can be caused by infarct of

Answer 61

AICA (via laryrinthine artery)

Question 62

infarcts of what vessels can cause Horner's syndrome

Answer 62

AICA (lateral pontine syndrome) PICA (lateral medullary syndrome)

Question 63

nucleus ambiguus effects are specific to [...] lesions

Answer 63

PICA (lateral medullary syndrome, hoarsness, dysphagia)

Question 64

ipsilateral hypoglossal dysfunction

Answer 64

anterior spinal artery