B6.3 - health Flashcards
1
Q
what is health
A
- physical social and mental well being
2
Q
communicable diseases
A
caused by infections eg measles and HIV
3
Q
pathogens
A
cause infectious diseases
- bacteria
- viruses
- fungi
- protists
4
Q
viruses
A
- smallest type of microbe
- viruses invade our cells multiply inside them and burst out of them - destroying our cells
- only live and reproduce inside cells of living organisms
- viruses are not cells - made up of protein and genetic material
5
Q
viruses eg
A
influenza
HIV
tobacco mosaic virus
6
Q
bacteria
A
- mostly harmless - some pathogens
- single celles - no nucleus
- don’t have to invade cells to live
- produce toxins that cause disease symptoms
7
Q
bacteria eg
A
tuberculosis
cholera
8
Q
fungi
A
- mostly harmless but some pathogens
- some multicellular
- make fine threads (HYPHAE) which can invade cells and absorb nutrients from them causing symptoms
- others are single celled
- can live on decaying substances or living tissue
9
Q
fungi eg
A
athletes foot
barley powdery mildew
10
Q
protists
A
- single celled eg amoeba
- some cause disease
- are larger than viruses / bacteria
- feed by absorbing nutrients from surroundings
11
Q
athletes foot
A
- spread by fungus (direct / indirect contact)
- cracked / flaking / itchy skin
- treated by anti fungal cream
12
Q
tobacco mosaic virus
A
- by a virus (contact)
- mottled / discoloured leaves
- affects chloroplast formation + growth
- plants removed and burnt to prevent spread
13
Q
cholera
A
- caused by bacteria in dirty water
- diarrhoea / dehydration
- treated by boiling water / sterilising treatment reduces spread
14
Q
influenza
A
- virus carried in cough / sneeze droplets
15
Q
barley powdery mildew
A
- cause by fungal disease - and spores in wind
- white powdery spots on leaves
- affects photosynthesis - decreases yield
- treated by spraying fungicides
16
Q
salmonella
A
- found in raw milk/eggs and unpasteurised milk
- stomach pains / diarrhoea/ vomiting
- decrease spread by cooking food thoroughly