B5a- Skeletons

Question 1

What are the roles of the skeleton?

Answer 1

1. To Support the body and allow it to move

2. To protect vital organs

Question 2

What is an internal skeleton?

Answer 2

skeleton inside the body

Question 3

What are some examples of animals with internal skeletons(vertebrates)?

Answer 3

Fish, amphibians, reptiles, birds and mammals

Question 4

What are the advantages of an internal skeleton?

Answer 4

• Can easily grow with the body
• Easy to attach muscles to it
• More flexible than an external skeleton
• Gives the body support and provides a framework

Question 5

What is an external skeleton?

Answer 5

Skeleton outside the body

Question 6

What is an insects external skeleton made out of?

Answer 6

Chitin

Question 7

What are bones made up of?

Answer 7

Living cells meaning they can grow and repair themselves

Question 8

What are the advantages of having hollow bones?

Answer 8

They are lighter and stronger than solid bones

Question 9

What is cartilage?

Answer 9

Living tissue

Question 10

How can you tell someone is still growing?

Answer 10

If there is lots of cartilage present

Question 11

What is ossification?

Answer 11

Cartilage being turnt into bone

Question 12

Describe the process of Ossification.

Answer 12

Blood vessels deposit calcium and phosphorus in the cartilage

Question 13

What is Osteoporosis?

Answer 13

A condition where calcium is lost from the bones making them softer and brittle

Question 14

Why is it important to not move anyone with a fracture?

Answer 14

A broken bone can damage nearby tissue

Question 15

Describe the movement of a ball and socket joint.

Answer 15

Can move in all directions and rotate

Question 16

Describe the movement of a hinge joint.

Answer 16

Can go backwards and forwards

Question 17

What are some examples of a ball and socket joint?

Answer 17

Hip and shoulder

Question 18

What are some examples of hinge joints?

Answer 18

Knee and elbow

Question 19

What does the synovial membrane do?

Answer 19

Releases synovial fluid

Question 20

What does synovial fluid do?

Answer 20

Lubricates joints so they can move easier

Question 21

What does the cartilage do?

Answer 21

Stops bones rubbing together/ acts as a shock absorber

Question 22

What do the ligaments do?

Answer 22

Hold the bones together

Question 23

What are atagonistic pairs?

Answer 23

Muscles which come in pairs and that have opposite movements

Question 24

How do the biceps and triceps work to bend the arm?

Answer 24

The biceps contracts and pulls the lower arm upwards and the triceps relax

Question 25

What happens when the triceps contracts?

Answer 25

The lower arm is pulled down and the arm is straightened

Question 26

What is the pivot (fulcrum) when the arm works as a lever?

Answer 26

The elbow