B3f-growth And Development

Question 1

What is the function of the vacuole?

Answer 1

Contains cell sap

Provides support

Question 2

What is the function of the cell wall?

Answer 2

Made of cellulose

Provides support

Question 3

What is the difference between bacterial and plant and animal cells?

Answer 3

Bacterial cells lack
A true nucleus
Mitochondria
Chloroplasts

Question 4

Whats the difference in dna of bacterial cell and plant/animal cell?

Answer 4

Bacteria has
No nucleus
Single circular strand of dna

Question 5

What are the five main phases of growth?

Answer 5

Infancy
Childhood
Adolescence
Maturity/adulthood
Old age

Question 6

Describe infancy

Answer 6

Just after birth
Roughly the first two years
Rapid growth

Question 7

Describe childhood

Answer 7

Period between infancy and puberty

Steady growth

Question 8

Describe adolescence

Answer 8

Begins with puberty and continues until body development and growth are complete
Rapid growth

Question 9

Describe maturity/adulthood

Answer 9

Period between adolescence and old age

Growth stops

Question 10

Describe old age

Answer 10

65 - death

Question 11

How do you measure using length?

Answer 11

Measure length/ height of a plant or animal

Question 12

What are the advantages and disadvantages of measuring growth by length?

Answer 12

Advantage:
Easy to measure

Disadvantage:
Doesn’t tell you about changes in width, diameter, number of branches, etc

Question 13

How do you measure growth by wet mass?

Answer 13

Weigh the plant or animal

Question 14

What are the advantages and disadvantages of using wet mass?

Answer 14

Its very changeable

Animal would be heavier if they had just eaten

Question 15

How do you measure using dry mass?

Answer 15

Dry out the organism before weighing it

Question 16

What are the advantages and disadvantages of using dry mass?

Answer 16

Advantage:
Not affected by the amount of water in plant or animal

Disadvantage:
You have to kill the organism

Question 17

What is differentiation?

Answer 17

The process of cells becoming specialised

Question 18

What can undifferentiated stem cells develop into?

Answer 18

Cells , tissues and organs

Question 19

What can stem cells be obtained from?

Answer 19

Embryonic tissue 
Bone marrow(adult stem cells)

Question 20

Whats the difference between adult and embryonic stem cells?

Answer 20

Adult stem cells arent as versatile

Question 21

Why are some people agains stem cell research?

Answer 21

Embryos could be a potential human life

Others say that the embryos are donated and would otherwise be thrown away

Question 22

How do plants and animals grow differently?

Answer 22

• animals grow til they reach a finite size then stop
• plants grow continously
• in animals, growth happens by cell division
• in plants, cell division is restricted to areas called meristems
• plants retain the ability to differentiate