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GIR Test 2 > B5-019 Non-Neoplastic GI Pathology > Flashcards

B5-019 Non-Neoplastic GI Pathology Flashcards

1
Q

most common pathogens of infectious esophagitis

2

A

HSV-1
candida albicans

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2
Q

[…] is the hallmark symptom of infectious esophagitis

A

odnynophagia

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3
Q
  • micro: viral inclusions in squamous cells at margin of ulcers
  • multinucleation, margination, molding
  • cowdry type A
A

HSV

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4
Q

gross: shallow vesicles and ulcers

A

HSV

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5
Q
  • virus present in endothelium, enlarged stomal cells, and epipthelial cells at ulcer base
  • nuclear and cellular enlargement
  • owl’s eye inclusions
A

CMV

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6
Q
A

CMV esophagitis

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7
Q

gray-white plaques/pseudomembranes or ulcers on EGD

A

candida esophagitis

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8
Q

fungal pseudohyphae within the squamous epithelium, neutrophilic inflammation

A

candida esophagitis

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9
Q
A

normal esophagus

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10
Q
  • elongation of vascular papillae
  • basal cell hyperplasia
  • eosinophils and neutrophils
A

GERD

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11
Q

food impaction/dysphagia symptoms in addition to GERD symptoms

A

eosinophilic esophagitis

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12
Q

endoscopy:
* linear furrows
* esophageal rings
* possible strictures

A

eosinophilic esophagitis

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13
Q

erythema, erosions, maybe strictures on EGD

A

GERD

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14
Q

similar to reflux, but more eosinophils (15ish) in both distal and proximal esophagus

A

eosinophilic esophagitis

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15
Q
  • probable longstanding complication of GERD
  • replacement of normal distal esophageal squamous mucosa with intestinal type glandular mucosa
A

Barrett’s Esophagus

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16
Q

irregular band of dark pink, velvety mucosa extending upward as tongues of mucosa

A

Barrett’s

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17
Q

metaplastic columnar epithelium with goblet cells

A

Barrett’s

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18
Q
A

normal gastric body/fundus with parietal and chief cells

pink= parietal, purple=chief

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19
Q
A

normal gastric antrum with G cells and mucus glands

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20
Q

curved, helical gram negative bacilli producing urease

A

H. pylori

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21
Q

often appears normal on EGD
may have erythema, nodularity, ulcers

A

H. pylori

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22
Q
  • dense lamina with lymphoplasmacytic infiltrate
  • neutrophils
  • organisms in mucus layer
A

H. pylori

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23
Q

what part of the stomach are you more likely to find H. pylori in?

A

antrum

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24
Q

triple therapy for H. pylori

A

2 antibiotics and PPI

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25
Q
A

intestinal metaplasia from long standing H. pylori

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26
Q

AMAG leads to pernicious anemia due to

A

decreased B12 absoprtion

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27
Q
  • affects parietal cells only
  • causes and increased risk of cancer from NET
A

AMAG

28
Q

lack of parietal cells, have been replaced by intestinal metaplasia

A

AMAG

29
Q
  • antrum
  • neutrophils
  • normal acid/gastrin secretion
  • hyperplastic/inflammatory polyps
  • peptic ulcer, adenocarcinoma, MALT

H. pylori or autoimmune

A

H. pylori

30
Q
  • body
  • lymphocytes/macrophages
  • decreased acid production
  • increased gastrin production
  • NET
  • pernicious anemia

H. pylori or autoimmune

A

autoimmune

31
Q

lymphocytes attack small bowel epithelium

A

celiac disease

32
Q

what HLA types are associated with celiac disorder?

A

HLA-DQ2
HLA-DQ8

33
Q

cracked earth appearance

A

celiac

34
Q
  • weight loss, edema, muscle wasting
  • light colored, foul smelling diarrhea
A

celiac

35
Q
A

normal small bowel

36
Q

blunting of villi, increased intraepithelial lymphocytes
marked crypt hyperplasia

A

celiac

37
Q

diagnosis of celiac disease

A

biopsy + anti-TTG and/or anti-gliaden antibodies

38
Q
A

normal colon

39
Q

chronic condition resulting from complex interactions between intestinal microbiota and host immunity in genetically predisposed individuals that leads to inappropriate mucosal immune activation

A

IBD

40
Q
  • IBD that is confined to the colon
  • distribution is confluent and starts at left side/rectum
A

ulcerative colitis

41
Q
  • IBD that can involve the entire GI tract
  • skip lesions, granulomas, deep ulcers with strictures
A

Crohn’s Disease

42
Q
  • crypt architectural distortion
  • basal lamina propria lymphoplasmacytosis
  • neutrophils in active disease
A

chronic colitis

Chron’s or UC

43
Q

treatment for chronic colitis

A

anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressants; TNF-a

44
Q

causes furrowing of the esophagus

A

eosinophilic esophagitis

45
Q

official number of eosinophils needed for diagnosis of eosinophilic esophagitis

A

15 per high power field

46
Q

cause white plaques in esophagus in immunocompromised patients

A

candida

47
Q

involves the whole tubal gut

A

Chron’s

48
Q

limited to colonic involvement

A

ulcerative colitis

49
Q

ulceration and acute inflammation of the terminal ileum is more likely to be associated with

chrons or UC

A

Crohns

50
Q

diffuse inflammation of the distal colon (sigmoid-rectum) only

A

ulcerative colitis

51
Q

multinucleate squamous cells with chromatin margination

A

HSV esophagitis

52
Q
  • well circumscribed ulcers in the distal esophagus with flat borders
  • odynophagia
  • immunocompromised patient

2

A

CMV or HSV

53
Q

atypical glands infiltrating the submucosa

A

adenocarcinoma

54
Q

mass like ulceration and dysphagia

A

adenocarcinoma

55
Q

fungal elements on PAS/D stain

A

candida

56
Q

more than 15 eosinophils per high powered field

A

eosinophilic esophagitis

57
Q
  • cracked earth appearance of duodenum
  • blunted duodenal villi with increased intraepithelial lymphocytes
A

celiac

58
Q

trial of six food elimination diet is a therapeutic option for

A

eosinophilic esophagitis

59
Q
  • attentuated crypt epithelium
  • hyalinized lamina propria
A

acute ischemic colitis

60
Q

basal lymphoplasmacytosis

A

IBD colitis

61
Q

increased intraepithelial lymphocytes

A

lymphocytic colitis

causes chronic watery diarrhea

62
Q
  • mucosal granulomas
  • submucosal lymphoid aggregates
A

Crohn’s

63
Q

treatment for lymphocytic colitis

A

immunosuppression with corticosteroids

64
Q
  • chronic gastritis
  • urea breath test is positive
A

H. pylori

65
Q

treatment for H. pylori

A

triple therapy with omeprazole and two antibiotics

66
Q
  • macrocytic anemia
  • elevated gastrin
  • positive anti-parietal antibody
A

AMAG

GIR Test 2 (18 decks)

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