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GIR Test 2 > B5-007 GI Infections > Flashcards

B5-007 GI Infections Flashcards

1
Q

causes of acute viral gastroenteritis

3

A
  • norovirus
  • rotovirus
  • adenovirus
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2
Q

non-bloody, non-inflammatory diarrhea

fecal leukocyte negative

A

acute viral gastroenteritis

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3
Q

“winter vomiting disease”

A

norovirus

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4
Q

SS RNA, linear, non-enveloped

A

norovirus

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5
Q

frequently associated with food service workers

A

norovirus

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6
Q

food service workers should avoid handling food for […] after resolution of symptoms

A

2 days

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7
Q

at risk populations for norovirus

A

close quarters
* military
* cruise ships
* dorms
* school age children

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8
Q

can withstand freezing, heating, chlorine, alcohol

A

norovirus

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9
Q

DS RNA, segmented, nonenveloped

A

rotavirus

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10
Q

late winter/early spring
peaks in early march

A

rotavirus

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11
Q

at risk populations for rotavirus

A

children under 5
particularly 6 mo-2 years

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12
Q

causes villous destruction and atrophy leading to decreased Na+ absorption and loss of K+

A

rotavirus

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13
Q

who should be vaccinated for rotavirus?

A

ALL infants except those with hx of intussusception or SCID

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14
Q

is the rotavirus vaccine live attenuated?

A

yes

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15
Q

DS DNA, linear nonenveloped

A

adenovirus

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16
Q

which adenovirus serotypes cause gastroenteritis?

A

40, 41

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17
Q

other clinical manifestations include conjunctivitis, upper and lower RTIs, and hemmorhagic cystis

A

adenovirus

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18
Q

which populations are at risk for adenovirus?

A

children

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19
Q

which protozoa covered is not free living?

A

trichomonas

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20
Q

eosinophilia absent indicates..

A

protozoal infection

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21
Q

active feeding forms of protozoa

A

trophozoites

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22
Q

environmentally resistant forms of protozoa

A

cysts

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23
Q

preferred method of diagnosis for giardia and cryptosporidium

A

stool antigen (ELISA)

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24
Q

what diagnostic test may be useful for entamoeba?

A

serum antibody

pretty much useless for anything else though

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25
Q
  • bloody diarrhea
  • RUQ pain
  • anchovy paste liver abscess

name the protozoa!

A

entamoeba histolytica

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26
Q

flask shaped ulcer on colon biopsy

name the protozoa!

A

entamoeba histolytica

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27
Q

entamoeba eats […]

A

erythrocytes

trophozoites ingest RBCs

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28
Q

treatment for entamoeba histolytica

A

metronidazole

(asymptomatic cyst passers: paromomycin, idoquinol
pregnancy: paromomycin)

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29
Q

aka Beaver Fever due to association with campers/hikers drinking freshwater

A

giardia lamblia

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30
Q
  • bloating
  • flatulence
  • foul smelling, fatty, non-bloody diarrhea
A

giardia lamblia

ghirardelli makes me fat = giardia fatty diarrhea

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31
Q

treatment for giardia lamblia

A

metronidazole

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32
Q

in immunocompetent hosts, presents with mild watery diarrhea
but in AIDS patients presents with severe diarrhea with wasting

A

cryptosporidium

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33
Q

associated outbreaks with pools and water parks, daycares

A

cryptosporidium

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34
Q

treatment for cyptosporidum

A

prevention
nitazoxanide
if AIDS -> ART

35
Q
  • abrupt onset
  • watery diarrhea, explosive
  • nausea, ABD cramping

protozoa

A

cyclospora

36
Q

recent outbreaks associated with berries and herbs

A

cyclospora

37
Q

treatment cyclospora

A

trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole

38
Q

5 micrometers

A

cryptosporidium

39
Q

10 micrometers

A

cyclospora

40
Q
  • watery diarrhea
  • nausea, ABD cramping
  • AIDS patients -> chronic diarrhea with wasting
  • occular keratoconjunctivitis
A

microsporidia

41
Q

2 micrometers

A

microsporidium

42
Q

treatment microspordia

A

albendazole
fumagillin

43
Q
  • foul smelling, green discharge
  • itching, burning
A

trichomonas vaginalis

44
Q
  • cannot exist outside of humans
  • STI
A

trichomonas vaginalis

does not form cysts

45
Q
  • diagnosed via wet mount or molecular testing
  • molecular testing is superior
A

trichomonas vaginalis

46
Q

punctate cervical hemorrhages

strawberry cervix

A

trichomonas vaginalis

47
Q

treatment for trichomonas vaginalis

A

metronidazole for both partners
screen for other STIs

48
Q

> 3 loose or watery stools in a 24 hour period

A

diarrhea

49
Q
  • visible blood or mucus in diarrhea
  • associated with fever, abdominal pain
A

dysentery

50
Q

less than 14 days duration

A

acute diarrhea

51
Q

15-30 days duration

A

persistent diarrhea

52
Q

greater than 30 days duration

A

chronic diarrhea

53
Q

incubation period <6 hours
symptom duration 24 hours
lots of vomiting

indicates…

A

preformed toxins

54
Q

incubation period 1-2 days
symptom duration 2-4 days
some vomiting
leukocyte/lactorferrin negative
RBCs negative

A

viral

55
Q

incubation period 1-2 days
symptom duration 5-7 days
no vomiting
leukocyte/lactorferrin +/-
RBCs +/-
maybe fever

A

baterial

56
Q

incubation period days-weeks
symptom duration weeks-months
leukocyte/lactorferrin negative
RBCs negative

A

protozoal

except ameibiasis which can cause dystentery

57
Q

cause classic case of toxigenic gastroenteritis due to fried rice

2

A

S. aureus
B. cereus

58
Q

if the patient has been in the hospital more than 3 days, think…

A

C. diff

59
Q

transmitted commonly by food service workers

A

norovirus

60
Q

unwashed produce may lead you to think..

A

cyclosporidium

61
Q

contaminated ice in drink may lead you to think…

A

crypto

62
Q
  • vomiting
  • non-bloody diarrhea
  • symptoms resolve about 36 hours
  • friends with same virus
A

norovirus

63
Q
  • non-bloody, non inflammatory diarrhea
  • +++vomiting
  • short duration
A

acute viral gastroenteritis

64
Q

SS RNA linear non enveloped

A

norovirus

65
Q

are enveloped or non-enveloped viruses more environmentally stable?

A

non-enveloped

66
Q

DS RNA, non enveloped

A

Rotavirus

67
Q

DS DNA, non enveloped

A

adenovirus

68
Q

associated with water parks

A

cryptosporidium

69
Q

4-6 micrometers

A

cryptosporidium

70
Q

cryptosporidium oocysts are […] mm

A

4-6

71
Q

cyclospora oocysts are […] mm

A

8-10

72
Q

large, pear shaped binucleate trophozoites with flagella

A

giardia

73
Q

giardia infections are transmitted by consumption of the […] form

A

cyst

74
Q

associated with animal contact, recreational water, and day care centers

A

cryptosporidium

75
Q

consumption of contaminated cilantro could be associated with

A

cylospora

76
Q

GI disease acquired from local drinking stream

A

giardia

77
Q
  • foul smelling diarrhea
  • flatulence
  • camping
A

giardia

78
Q

what kind of test is superior for giardia?

A

antigen

79
Q

microspordia is about […] mm

A

less than 2

80
Q

severly immunocompromised individuals are at risk of developing chronic diarrhea and wasting due to

A

microsporidia

81
Q

HIV is most commonly associated with

A

microsporidia

82
Q

why is the rotavirus vaccine contraindicated in SKID patients?

A

live attenuated

83
Q

cyclospora
cryptosporidium
and microsporidium oocysts are all

A

acid-fast

GIR Test 2 (18 decks)

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