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Biology > B4 Organising Animals And Plants > Flashcards

B4 Organising Animals And Plants Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the role of the human circulatory system

A

Transports substances to and from the body cells

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2
Q

What makes up the human circulatory system

A

The blood, blood vessels and heart

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3
Q

What does plasma do

A

Transports proteins and other chemicals around your body

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4
Q

What cells are suspended in plasma

A

Blood cells

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5
Q

What do your red blood cells contain that binds oxygen to transport it from your lungs to the tissues

A

Haemoglobin

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6
Q

What do white blood cells do

A

Helps protect the body against infection

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7
Q

What are platelets

A

Cell fragments that start the clotting process at wound sites

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8
Q

How does blood flow around the body

A

Blood vessels

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9
Q

What are the three main types of blood vessels

A

Arteries, veins and capillaries

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10
Q

Substances _____ in and out of the blood in the capillaries

A

Diffuse

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11
Q

What do valves do

A

Prevent backflow of blood

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12
Q

Humans have a double/single circulatory system

A

Double

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13
Q

What is the heart

A

An organ that pumps blood around the body

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14
Q

What are stents used for

A

To keep narrowed or blocked arteries open

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15
Q

What do statins do

A

Reduces cholesterol levels in the blood, reducing the risk of coronary heart disease

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16
Q

What can damaged heart valves be replaced by

A

Biological or mechanical valves

17
Q

What is the natural heart rate controlled by

A

A group of cells in the right atrium that form a natural pacemaker

18
Q

What are artificial pacemakers

A

Electrical devices used to correct irregularities in the heart rhythm

19
Q

What are artificial hearts used for

A

To keep patients alive while waiting for a transplants or their heart to recover

20
Q

Where are your lungs

A

In the chest cavity, protected by ribcage and separated from your abdomen by the diaphragm

21
Q

What does the alveoli provide

A

A very large surface area and a rich supply of blood capillaries , making it easier for diffusion of gases

22
Q

What are plant tissues

A

Collections of cells specialised to carry out specific functions

23
Q

What makes up a plant organ system

A

Roots stem and leaves for transport of substances around the plant

24
Q

In coronary heart disease layers of fatty material build up inside the coronary arteries. Explain why this could be dangerous

A

(fatty materials can) narrow / block the arteries

(so) less oxygen reaches the heart muscle cells
(which) can result in a heart attack

25
Q

Describe 3 ways that red blood cells are adapted to transport oxygen from the lungs to cells of the body

A

• contain haemoglobin • do not have a nucleus • large surface area:
volume ratio
• can squeeze through
narrow capillaries

Biology (11 decks)

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