b3

Question 1

Define cell

Answer 1

Basic unit of living things.

Question 2

Define tissue

Answer 2

Groups of similar cells performing the same function.

Question 3

Define organ

Answer 3

Group of tissues performing the same function.

Question 4

Define organ system

Answer 4

Groups of organs performing the same function.

Question 5

List the three types of tissue

Answer 5

Muscular, glandular and epithelial.

Question 6

Describe the role of bile

Answer 6

Neutralises stomach acid and breaks fats down into droplets.

Question 7

Name the organ where bile is produced

Answer 7

Liver.

Question 8

Name the organs involved in digestion

Answer 8

Mouth, oesophagus, stomach, liver, small intestine, large intestine, anus.

Question 9

Give the function of the small intestine

Answer 9

Reabsorbs glucose from digested food.

Question 10

List the adaptations of the small intestine

Answer 10

Lots of microvilli, good blood supply, thin walls, lots of mitochondria.

Question 11

Name the substance the stomach contains

Answer 11

Hydrochloric acid (pH 3).

Question 12

Name the part of the digestive system responsible for reabsorbing water

Answer 12

Large intestine.

Question 13

Describe the test for starch

Answer 13

Iodine solution. It turns dark blue/black.

Question 14

Describe the test for simple sugars (glucose)

Answer 14

Benedict’s solution. It turns brick red when heated.

Question 15

Describe the test for protein

Answer 15

Biuret solution. It turns purple.

Question 16

Describe the test for Lipids (fats)

Answer 16

Ethanol - milky emulsion is formed.

Question 17

What are proteins broken down into?

Answer 17

Amino acids.

Question 18

What are carbohydrates broken into?

Answer 18

Glucose.

Question 19

What are lipids broken down into?

Answer 19

Glycerol and fatty acids.

Question 20

Define enzyme

Answer 20

Biological catalyst (speeds up reactions).

Question 21

Name the three types of digestive enzyme

Answer 21

Amylase (carbohydrase), proteases, lipases.

Question 22

Where is Amylase produced?

Answer 22

Mouth, pancreas, small intestine.

Question 23

Where are protease enzymes produced?

Answer 23

Stomach, pancreas, small intestine.

Question 24

Where are lipase enzymes produced?

Answer 24

Pancreas, small intestine.

Question 25

Describe what happens to an enzyme when the temperature is too hot.

Answer 25

It denatures.

Question 26

Describe how the enzyme changes when it denatures

Answer 26

The active site changes shape irreversibly. The substrate no longer fits. The enzyme won’t work.

Question 27

Describe the lock and key mechanism for enzyme action

Answer 27

The active site of each enzyme is specific to one substrate.