B13: Environmental Change and the Distribution of Organisms

Question 1

Factors tha affect the distribution of living organisms. (8)

Answer 1

> no. of competitors
> temperature 
> nutrients
> light
> water 
> oxygen 
> CO2
> availability of nest sights etc.

Question 2

Quadrat

Answer 2

A square from a is placed on the ground and outlines the sample area.
Placement of a Quadrat must be random.

Question 3

Quantitative Sampling

Answer 3

Sampling that records the number of organisms rather than just the type.

Question 4

Transect

Answer 4

A measured line along which ecological measurements are taken.

Question 5

When would you use a quadrat on a transect?

Answer 5

When investigating the change of species distribution in a line.

Question 6

When would you use a quadrat on random coordinates?

Answer 6

When investigating the number of species in an area.

Question 7

What should your data be?

Answer 7

Repeatable, reproducible and valid.

Question 8

What factors affect the distribution of organisms?

Answer 8

> Temperature
> Avg. Rainfall
> Light
> pH of soil
> (in water) oxygen levels of water.

Question 9

What sort of air do Lichens prefer?

Answer 9

Non-polluted air. They are particularly sensitive to levels of Sulfur Dioxide.

Question 10

3 examples of Non-Living Indicators.

Answer 10

Oxygen
Temperature
pH

Question 11

3 Species affected by environmental change

Answer 11

> Dartford Warblers- Breeding ground changed from Spain to England.
Bluebells- Other ground plants are growing earlier in the spring and leaving no room for the Bluebells.
Honey Bees- Flowering patterns are changing due to climate change, affecting bees’ food supply, farming chemicals could be killing them, as well as mobile phone signals, which affect their navigation systems.