B11 - Hormonal Coordination Flashcards
D. Endocrine system?
the glands that produce the hormones that control many aspects of the development and metabolism of the body, and the hormones they produce
D. Hormones?
chemicals produced in one area of the body of an organism that have an effect on the function of another area of the body. In animals hormones are produced in glands
How do hormones reach target organs?
carried by the blood - target organs have receptors on cell membranes that pick up hormone and trigger a response in the cell
Examples of fast-acting hormones?
insulin and adrenaline
Examples of slow-acting hormones?
growth hormones, sex hormones
Insulin?
hormone involved in controlling blood sugar levels
3 Hormones produced by pituitary gland?
ADH, FSH, TSH (stimulates thyroid to make thyroxine which controls rate of metabolism)
Function of FSH?
stimulates ovaries to make oestrogen
Main endocrine glands in the body? (6)
pituitary
thyroid
ovaries
testes
adrenal
pancreas
Compared to the nervous system, the effects of hormones are….
slower but longer lasting
Glucose is converted to…
insoluble carbohydrate glycogen
Glycogen can be converted…
back to glucose if needed
What hormone is secreted when blood sugar levels fall below ideal range?
glucagon
Affect of glucagon on the body?
makes liver break down glycogen and converts it back to glucose
Type 1 diabetes?
pancreas doesn’t make enough insulin
Type 1 diabetes explained?
not enough insulin = no glucose being taken into cells = no energy/fatigue = fat and protein broken down to use as glucose = loose weight
Type 2 diabetes?
body stops responding to insulin, may also not be making enough insulin