Avoidant PD

Question 1

AVPD is characterized by ….

Answer 1

shyness, low self-esteem, and rejection sensitivity wherein these individuals avoid others even though they crave human contact.

Question 2

hoe relateert avoidant personality style aan AVPD

Answer 2

The avoidant personality style is more flexible and causes less distress and impairment than the AVPD

Question 3

treatment of AVPD

Answer 3

• psychodynamic therapy
• CBT
• schema therapy
• interpersonal psychotherapy
• combined/integrated therapy

Question 4

Four other clinically useful treatment modalities are:

Answer 4

• group therapy;
• marital and family therapy;
• medication;
• combined/integrated treatment.

Question 5

triggering events

Answer 5

demands for close interpersonal interactions or social and public appearances

Question 6

behavioural style of AVPD

Answer 6

• chronic tenseness
• self-consciousness
• controlled speech and behaviour
• awkward or apprehensive appearances
• playing down own achievements

Question 7

interpersonal style

Answer 7

• sensitive to rejection
• desire acceptance but distance themselves
• require unconditional approval in order to open up
• test others to determine who can be trusted

Question 8

cognitive style

Answer 8

hypervigilant, scan environment for threats, hypersensitive to criticism, overemphasize shortcomings and downplay triumphs

Question 9

affective experiences

Answer 9

sadness, loneliness, tension, lability, emptiness, depersonalisation

Question 10

welke attachment style heeft avoidant PD

Answer 10

preoccupied-fearful attachment/anxious-preoccupied attachment

(their avoidance reflects their desire to be liked and accepted)

Question 11

triggers voor avpd

Answer 11

bijvoorbeeld iemand die hen verlaat of bekritiseerd

Question 12

prototypic description of avpd

Answer 12

• frightened
• interpersonally awkward
• extreme sensitivity to rejection and criticism
• fear of humiliation and embarrassment surfaces with the prospect of meeting someone new
• easier to avoid these situations
• but do crave relationships
• may have one or a few special friends/relatives that they trust

Question 13

prevalences avpd

Answer 13

• general population: 2%
• clinical population: 5-55%

Question 14

avpd and sad probably related but separate constructs. due to differences in personality traits and attachment styles and self concept

Answer 14

oke

Question 15

biosocial case conceptualisation

Answer 15

• dominant sympathetic nervous system
• lowered autonomic arousal threshold
• therefore intrusion of irrelevant impulses on logical association, diminishing control and direction of cognitive processes and memory

Question 16

hoe ontstaat AVPD

Answer 16

parental rejection seems to be particulary important. if peer rejection mirror and reinforces parental rejection, the childs self-competence and self-worth can be severely impacted, leading to self-critical attitudes and behaviours. as a result, avoidant individuals tend to avoid social experiences and peer group interactions, become increasingly introspective and hypersensitive to rejection. the restriction of social interaction further limits their social development and competence, which further the negative reactions from others. minor criticism will be interpreted as rejection. excessive introspection

Question 17

schemas about the self in this group

Answer 17

unlikeable, different, defective

Question 18

perception

Answer 18

avoidant individuals lack criteria to form positive self judgements, therefore they rely on their perception. more likely to misread neutral/positive reactions as negative.

Question 19

essential goal of treatment avpd

Answer 19

to expand their capacity to tolerate feedback and selectively trust others. encourage them to take risks in social interactions. at times, assertively communicating their needs

Question 20

the optimal dsm 5 criterion for this disorder

Answer 20

avoiding significant interpersonal contact because of fear of rejection

Question 21

how to measure

Answer 21

structured interview using dsm 5 criteria

Question 22

effective treatment planning begins with a

Answer 22

accurate case conceptualisation