AV04 - Canadian Domestic Airspace Flashcards
Number of time zones in the world
24
Number of time zones in Canada
6
Phraseology for UTC
“Zulu”
The earth rotates ____ degrees for every hour that passes
15 degrees
Newfoundland Standard Time (NST) is UTC-____ hours
3.5
Atlantic Standard Time (AST) is UTC-____hours
4
Eastern Standard Time (EST) is UTC-____hours
5
Central Standard Time (CST) is UTC-____hours
6
Mountain Standard Time (MST) is UTC-____hours
7
Pacific Standard Time (PST) is UTC-____hours
8
Pacific Daylight Time (PDT) is UTC-____hours
7
The Second Sunday in March is significant because _____
Daylight Savings Time starts at 2 AM
The First Sunday in November is significant because ______
Daylight Savings Time ends at 2 AM
In the CFS, how will an aerodrome that is in the Pacific Standard Time Zone, that does observe Daylight Savings Time, be indicated
UTC-8(7)
In the REF (reference) section
Define Daylight
“The period of time during any day that begins with the morning civil twilight and ends with the evening civil twilight.”
Define Morning Civil Twilight
Relative to the standard meridians of the time zones, the period of time that begins at the time specified by the Institute for National Measurement Standards of the National Research Council of Canada, and ends at sunrise. (Morning civil twilight starts when the center of the sun’s disc is 6 degrees below the horizon.)
Define Evening Civil Twilight
Relative to the standard meridians of the time zones, the period of time that begins at Sunset, and ends at the time specified by the Institute for National Measurement Standards of the National Research Council of Canada. (Evening civil twilight ends when the center of the sun’s disc is 6 degrees below the horizon.)
Define Night
The period of time that starts at the end of evening civil twilight and ends at the start of morning civil twilight.
What is the purpose of the Designated Airspace Handbook (DAH) (TP1820)
To define and designate the various types of Canadian Airspace. (An extensive and precise listing of all Canadian Airspace)
How many CAPs are there?
8 (7+GEN)
How often is the CAP (other than GEN) issued?
Every 56 days
How often is the CAP GEN issued?
As required
What can be published to amend or cancel information in the CAP?
NOTAM
How often is the CFS issued?
Every 56 days
The CFS contains 6 sections.. Name them
General (tables legends and assocd info pertinent to interpretation of the CFS)
Aerodrome Directory (data and sketches for Cdn a/d and heliports, and selected aerodromes in the North Atlantic)
Planning(Info for flt planning, characteristics of airspace, chart updating, flight restrictions, IFR routes, airway intersections, and chart distributors)
Radio Navigation and Communications (Data for radio NAVAIDS and comm facilities.
Military (Flight Procedures and data, including sections on procedures for flt in USA, North Atlantic and Alaska, air ground comms, and military trg routes and areas.
Emergency (Emergency Procedures)
In what document are Water Aerodromes published?
WAS (Water Aerodrome Supplement) - Published once a year
How many LO charts are there?
10
How many HI charts are there?
6
How often are LO and HI charts updated
Every 56 days
What is the primary purpose of Enroute Charts?
To depict radio navigation data to provide rapid and precise location and identification of info requisite to radio instrument navigation.
LO Charts cover what altitudes?
SFC to (but not including) 18000 Feet ASL
Define ADIZ (Air Defence Identification Zone)
An airspace of defined dimensions extending upwards from the surface of the earth within which certain rules for the security control of air traffic apply.
HI Charts cover what altitudes?
18000 Feet ASL and ABV (inclusive)
What will be found on a LO chart, but will NOT be found on the HI chart? Why?
Altimeter Setting Region boundary. Because at FL180 and ABV, altimeters are set to standard pressure, regardless of Southern Domestic or Northern Domestic airspace.
THIS is the name for mapping of water bodies, as found on VFR charts
Hydrography
How many VFR Navigation Charts (VNCs) are there?
52
What is the scale of the VNC?
1:500,000
What is the purpose of the VNC?
To display aeronautical information and sufficient topographical detail to facilitate air navigation through the use of a unique colour scheme, layer tinting, and shaded relief (called hypsometric tint)
How many VFR Terminal Area Charts (VTAs) are there?
6
What are the areas covered by the VTAs?
Toronto Montréal Vancouver Winnipeg Calgary Edmonton (Calgary and Edmonton are printed back to back, all others have detail on reverse of specific portions of the airspace)
What is the scale of the VTA?
1:250,000
Define Instrument Flight Rules
A set of rules governing the conduct of flight under instrument meteorological conditions (IMC)
Define Instrument Meteorological Conditions (IMC)
Meteorological conditions less than the minima specified in Subpart 602 of the CARs for Visual Meteorological Conditions (VMC), expressed in terms of visibility and distance from cloud
(AKA anything that isn’t VMC)
Define Visual Flight Rules
The rules which govern the procedures for conducting flight under visual conditions - pilot relies on what can be seen out of the window to control the attitude of his aircraft.
Define Visual Meteorological Conditions
Meteorological Conditions (expressed in terms of visibility and distance from cloud) equal to or greater than the minima expressed in CAR602.
How many FIRs are there? Name them
7 Vancouver Edmonton Winnipeg Toronto Montréal Moncton Gander & Gander Oceanic
How many Flight Service Stations are there (approx.)
55
Define Flight Information Region
An airspace of defined dimensions extending upwards from the surface of the earth within which flight information service and alerting service are provided.
Define Alerting Service
A service provided by ATC units to notify appropriate organizations regarding aircraft in need of SAR and to assist such organizations as required. This service also includes the alerting of crash equipment, ambulances, doctors, and any other safety services.
Canadian Domestic Airspace includes….
… all airspace over the Canadian land mass, Canadian Arctic, Canadian Archipelago, and those areas of the High Seas within the airspace boundaries.
What is the primary difference between flying in Northern Domestic Airspace vs Southern Domestic Airspace?
In NDA TRUE track is used and in SDA MAGNETIC track is used.
Altitudes based on direction of travel - VFR - in Low Level Airspace
Easterly headings (0 degrees to 179 degrees) = ODD thousands plus 500, above 3000ft. (3500, 5500, 7500, etc.) ASL Westerly headings (180 degrees to 359 degrees) = EVEN thousands plus 500, above 3000ft (4500, 6500, 8500, etc.) ASL
High level airspace starts at what altitude?
18000 feet (regardless of SDA or NDA)
What is the difference between Altitude and Flight Level?
Altitude is “the vertical distance of a level, a point, or an object considered as a point, measured from mean sea level” (MEAN SEA LEVEL)
Flight Level is “The altitude expressed in hundreds of feet indicated on an altimeter set to 29.92 inches of mercury. (STANDARD PRESSURE)
What is the Altimeter Setting Region?
All low level airspace within the Southern Domestic Airspace
The airspace in which a pilot sets the altimeter to local station pressure readings (not necessarily 29.92)
If, before taking off, a pilot is not able to obtain the altimeter setting of the aerodrome what shall s/he do?
Set altimeter to the aerodrome elevation
When transitioning between Altimeter Setting Region and Standard Pressure Region, in which region shall the altimeter change always be made?
In the Standard Pressure Region
Before entering ASR, or after leaving ASR
High Level Airspace starts at what altitude for each Control Area?
Southern Control Area: FL180
Northern Control Area: FL230
Arctic Control Area: FL270
What two things are still provided by ATC/FSS in uncontrolled airspace?
Flight information and alerting services
In class A airspace ___________________ is provided to ALL aircraft.
ATC separation
Is a radio mandatory in Class A airspace?
YES
What are the Visual Meteorological Conditions weather minima?
3 miles forward visibility
1 mile away from cloud in the horizontal
500 ft away from cloud in the vertical
What is the speed limit below 10000 feet?
250 Knots
What is the speed limit within 10 NM of a controlled aerodrome below 3000 feet?
200 Knots
Class B airspace starts at what altitude?
12500 ASL or the MEA, whichever is higher
In class B airspace, ATC Separation is provided to _______ (all/IFR) aircraft?
ALL
What equipment must be on board for an aircraft to operate in Class B airspace?
Radio comm equipment capable of 2 way comms with ATS
Transponder and Automatic Pressure Altitude Reporting equipment
What type(s) of flight are permitted in Class C airspace?
IFR & VFR
What type(s) of flight are permitted in Class A airspace?
IFR only
What must a pilot do prior to entering Class C airspace?
Obtain a clearance from ATC
What must a pilot do prior to entering Class D airspace?
Establish 2 way communication with ATC
ATC Separation is provided to _______ aircraft (all / IFR)
IFR. Traffic information is provided to all aircraft
Define Mandatory Frequency Area
An area established at selected uncontrolled aerodromes within which aircraft are required to comply with mandatory-frequency reporting procedures.
What is Class E airspace?
Airspace designated where an operational need exists for controlled airspace but does not meet the requirements for A/B/C/D airspace
In class E airspace ATC separation is provided to aircraft operating under VFR. Are there any special requirements for VFR aircraft?
Only to be equipped with a transponder with automatic pressure altitude equipment if the Class E airspace is specifically designated as transponder airspace.
What class of airspace is an MF area?
Class E
What is the basic purpose of an MF area?
To ensure all aircraft are operating on the same radio frequency when operating in the immediate vicinity of an uncontrolled aerodrome and make specified mandatory position reports.
CAR 602.27 states that “no person operating an aircraft shall conduct aerobatic manoeuvres…” in these 4 areas/situations
- Over a built-up area or an open-air assembly of persons
- In controlled airspace, except in accordance with a special flight operations certificate
- When flight visibility is less than 3 miles, OR
- Below 2000 feet AGL except in accordance with a special flight operations certificate.
Note: special flight operations certificates are issued in accordance with CAR603.02 or CAR603.67
Class C and D become Class ____ when the ATS unit is not in operation
Class E
Class G airspace is uncontrolled but ATS still provides __________
Flight information and Alerting Service
In Class G airspace, what are the VFR minima during the day at/above 1000 feet AGL? and below 1000 feet AGL?
AT/ABOVE 1000 feet AGL
1SM visibility
2000 feet away from cloud horizontally
500 feet away from cloud vertically
BELOW 1000 feet AGL
2SM visibility
Clear of Cloud (horizontal and vertical)
In what publication would one find information about the boundaries of a Restricted or Advisory airspace?
The Designated Airspace Handbook (DAH)(TP1820)
When a Class F airspace is not active, it takes on the properties of _______________________
The surrounding airspace
Class F airspace may be classified into 2 categories, what are they, and describe them
Advisory - airspace in which an activity occurs that, for flight safety purposes, non-participating pilots should be aware of, such as training, parachuting, hang gliding, etc
Restricted - airspace of defined dimensions above the land areas or territorial waters within which the flight of aircraft is restricted in accordance with certain specified conditions.
Define Control Zone
A controlled airspace of defined dimensions extending upwards from the surface of the earth up to and including 3000 feet AAE unless otherwise specified.
What is the purpose of a Transition Area?
Established when it is considered advantageous or necessary to provide additional controlled airspace for the containment of IFR operations.
Define Terminal Control Area
A controlled airspace of defined dimensions that is normally established in the vicinity of one or more major aerodromes and within which ATC service is provided based on the airspace classification.
VHF/UHF airways width
4NM on either side of centerline, and wider after 4.5 degree lines meet edges.
LF/MF airways width
4.34 NM on either side of centerline, and wider after 5 degree lines meet edges
Define High Level Airway
In controlled high level airspace, a prescribed track between specific fixes
Define Mountainous Region
An area of defined lateral dimensions above which special rules concerning minimum en route altitudes apply.
What are the VFR Minima in a control zone?
3SM visibility
1SM from cloud in the horizontal
500 feet from cloud in the vertical
500 feet above the surface (unless taking off or landing)
Altitudes based on direction of travel - IFR and CVFR- in Low Level Airspace
Easterly headings (0 degrees to 179 degrees) = ODD thousands, above 3000ft. (3000, 5000, 7000, etc.) ASL Westerly headings (180 degrees to 359 degrees) = EVEN thousands, above 3000ft (4000, 6000, 8000, etc.) ASL
Altitudes based on direction of travel - at or above 18000ASL, but below FL290
Easterly headings ODD Flight Levels (FL190, FL210, FL230)
Westerly headings EVEN Flight Levels (FL180, 200, 220)
Altitudes based on direction of travel - at or above FL290
4000 foot intervals (instead of normal 2000 foot intervals below that)
Easterly headings ODD flight levels (FL290, FL330, FL370)
Westerly headings ODD flight levels halfway between easterly flight levels (FL310, FL350, FL390)
