Autres (Quizlet, vidéos, etc) Flashcards
What are the receptors involved in necroptosis?
FAS, TNFR1, toll like receptors
What is the focal adhesion complexe made of ? (2 proteins)
vinculin and talin
IL 12= which Th?
TH1
Which growth factor do cancer associated fibroblasts secrete?
TGF beta, which supresses inflammation
What are the Yamanaka factors
Oct4
Sox2
C-myc
KLF4
TERT is shuttled and folded by which protein?
HSP90
Which cytokine causes reduced expression MHC?
Interferon gamma
It also INCREASES PDL1 expression
Which oncogenic pathway upregulates the expression of IL10?
MAPK
Which oncogenic pathway disrupts T cell response
WNT/B-catenin
Which oncogenic pathway disrupts IFN signaling in tumor cells?
PTEN loss
ZEB, SNAIL and TWIST reduce expression of E-cadherin and increase expression of …?
N Caderin and vimentin
What does the polycomb group repressor complex do? (PRC1 and 2)
mediates gene silencing via lncRNA
cell senescence in mediated mainly by which P ? (CDKN)
p16
Which proteins inhibit RB by phosphorylating it in the cell cycle?
CDK4 and CDK6
Which molecule keeps RAS membrane associated?
Famesyl membrane anchor
growth factors activate what in the cell cycle?
they activate cyclins, cyclin dependant kinase phosphorylate RB, which release E2F, which has a transcriptional activity
Summary of MYC’s Actions:
Promotes cell cycle progression, driving cells into S phase.
Stimulates cell growth and proliferation by enhancing protein synthesis, ribosome biogenesis, and metabolism.
Reprograms metabolism, promoting aerobic glycolysis and other metabolic changes critical for fast-growing cells.
Can induce apoptosis but may also promote cell survival in certain contexts (like cancer).
Influences genomic stability and DNA damage response, contributing to genomic instability and tumorigenesis.
Plays a role in angiogenesis and tumor vascularization.
Regulates stem cell properties and differentiation, which may lead to cancer stem cell-like traits.
.
Smac/DIABLO, on top of activating caspases, it ____________
neutralizes IAPs (inhibitor of apoptosis proteins)
Hapoinsufficiency and quasisufficiency + ogligate haploinsufficiency, give an example of each (protein of the cell cycle)
p53 and PTEN
Which is the transcription factor in the JAK/STAT pathway
STAT
Which growth factor uses SMAD as signal transduction pathway?
TGF beta
Akt pathway is activated by RTK and RAS via _____. Which protein blocks Akt?
PI3K
PTEN
What is DLL4?
the ligand for the NOTCH receptor
what is the name of the repair enzyme for each:
single strand break
pyrimidine adducts
double stranded break
mutations
oxydative injury
base excision repair
nucleotide excision repair
recombination repair
DNA mismatch repair
8-oxo-guanosine
Which 2 proteins are used for non homologous recombination repair?
DNA-PK and ligase IV
what does PARP1 does?
helps repair DNA(single/double stranded break and others). If expressed +++ causes apoptosis via activation of p53
ATM/ART, CHK1/2 and BRCA1/2 are major players of ____________
homologous recombination repair
Transcytosis is upregulated by __________
VEGF
which drives margination: vasodilation or vasoconstriction?
vasodilation
In necroptosis, which is the protein/molecule that cause plasma membrane permeabilization, releasing DAMPs? And which protein forms the necrosome?
MLKL
RIPK1 and 3
These proteins are involved in what?
ULK1
VPS34 (PI3K)
ARG9
LC3
autophagy
Which is the protein that gets cleaved in the perforin granzyme apoptosis, and degrades DNA?
ICAD/CAD - > CAD
It is done via caspases
Granzyme B also activates caspase 10 (mainly), caspase 3 and BID-TBID-> activating BAX/BAD pore
which protein detects cytoplasmic DNA and activate the STING pathway?
cGAS
RIG1 and MDAS recognize viral DNA and activate the _________ pathway
MAVS
DNA damage response: which ones are the sensors, transducers and effector:
P53, Ku, Rad, ATM, BRCA1, MRE/N, ART
sensors: Ku, MRE/N, Rad
Transducers: BRCA1, ART, ATM
effector: p53
Which main TLRs are associated with necroptosis? (2)
TLR3, TLR4
What is the DISC?
Associated with extrinsic apoptosis, it is made of the death receptor, FADD and caspase 8, sometimes also caspase 10
Bid links the extrinsic and intrinsic apoptoosis , and is activated by being cleaved by which caspase?
caspase 8
What 2 factors compose the intrinsic tenase complex?
Factor VIII and Factor IX
Which is the integrin affected by Glansman thrombasthenia?
GPIIb3a (binding of platelet to fibrinogen)
Which coagulation factor is activated by NET
XII
PAF does what: vasodilation, constriction or increased permeability
vasodilation and permeability
which are the chronic proinflammatory cytokines?
IL4, IL12, IL13, IL17 (also acute), IFNgamma
wha are the 3 components of the indirect link between platelets and neutrophils in NE activation? And the direct?
- MAC-1, fibrinogen, GPIIb/IIIa
- MAC-1, vwf, GPIb
PSGL1 and P-selectin
What does the RAGE receptor binds on neurophils?
HMGB1 (released by platelet)
PF4 (released from platelets) binds to ________, then they bind to a G proein coupled receptor on neutrophils -> NET
CCL5
Which protein induces citrullination of histones?
PAD4
which is the most important groth factor for fibroblast migration and proliferation
TGF beta
also remember that it inhibits MM2 (reduces breakdown of ECM)
which is the most important growth factor for early angiogenesis?
VEGF A
his receptor is VEGF R2 on endohelial cells, stimulates production of NO and migration/proliferation
Which is pro vessel stabilization vs anti stabilisation/proremodeling:
MMPs, PDGF, TGF-B, angiopoietin 1, angiopoietin 2
pro stabilization:
angiopoietin 1
PDGF
TGF beta
anti stabilization
angiopoietin 2
MMPs
where does the phase 1 and phase 2 of metabolism of toxic substances occur? (which organelles/space)
phase 1 in the smooth endoplasmic reticulum
phase 2 in the cytosol
What is the role of EphB4 (receptor for Ephrin B2)?
Remodeling of new blood vessels
Which molecule in low concentration is a vasodilator and in high concentration is a vasoconstrictor?
PAF
Lipoxins: PMNs make them and _________ activate them
platelets
Leucotriene C, D and E increase vascular permeability, cause bronchospasm and ______________
vasoconstriction
