Autonomic NS - Symp Div Flashcards
The parasymp div of the ANS is known as the ____________ div due to its regional locations.
thoracolumbar
What are the main prevertebral ganglia? (4)
celiac
superior mesenteric
aorticorenal
inferior mesenteric
Where do symp presyn cell bodies lie?
spinal grey matter, forming the lateral horns
Generally, what does the symp NS innervate?
viscera, sweat glands, arrector pili mm, blood vessels
Generally, where are the symp chain ganglia?
line up vertically along both sides of the vertebral column from neck to pelvis
Successive chain ganglia are interconnected by short nerves to into…
sympathetic trunks
There is approximately ___ chain ganglion for each spinal nerve.
one
Out of the 22-24 pairs of chain ganglia, how many are cervical ganglia?
3 cervical ganglia (superior, middle and inf ganglia)
What forms the stellate ganglion?
inferior cervical ganglia fusing with first thoracic ganglia
Cervical (symp chain) ganglia lie just anterior to the _____________ of the cervical vertebrae.
transverse processes
Thoracic (symp chain) ganglia lie on the _______ of the ribs.
heads of the ribs
Lumbar (symp chain) ganglia lie on the ____________ of the vertebral bodies.
anterolateral sides
Generally compare locations of prevertebral and paravertebral ganglia.
paravertebral – along sides of vertebral column
prevertebral – ant to vertebral column
How do symp prevertebral ganglia differ from paravertebral chain ganglia?
- not paired
- not segmentally arranged
- lie ant to vert column
Generally describe the pathway of a symp n from the origin outwards.
> presynaptic symp cell bodies lie in lateral horn of SC
motor axons exit through ventral roots
axons enter the spinal nerve
pass thru white ramus communicantes to nearest chain ganglion
4 options after that
What does symp presynaptic axon do upon entering the symp chain?
> syn with postsyn neuron in same chain ganglia
pass thru w/o syn and run w splanchnic n to syn in prevertebral ganglion
can ascend in chain and syn in chain or in prevertebral ganglia at diff level
can descend in chain and syn in chain or in prevertebral ganglia at diff level
White rami contain all the ________ fibers and grey rami contain all the _________ fibers.
white rami – presynaptic (myelinated, comes out of SN)
grey rami – postsynaptic (less myelinated, enters SN)
What is the symp pathway to the periphery?
> presyn symp enter chain ganglia, syn with postsyn cell bodies
postsyn cell bodies travel into grey ramus communicans to ventral ramus
then travel to skin (sweat glands, arrector pili, peripheral vessels)
What is the symp pathway to the head?
> originate in T1-T4
ascend and syn in sup cervical ganglion
postsyn fibers ‘jump’ on arteries of the neck
follow them to the effector organs
What is the symp pathway to the thorax?
> presyn fibers originate at T1-T6
some syn in nearest chain ganglion, postsyn fibers go to effector organ (lungs, esophagus)
some asc and syn in sup cerv ganglion, postsyn descend via cardiac plexus
What is the symp pathway to the abdomen?
> presyn fibers originate in inf 1/2 of lumbosacral plexus (T5-L2)
pass thru adjacent chain ganglia thru thoracic splanchnic nerves
syn in celiac ganglia or sup mesenteric ganglia
post syn travel to effector organs (apleen, stomach, liver, kidney, proximal 1/2 of large intestine)
What is the symp pathway to the pelvis?
> presyn fibers originate in most inf part of div (T10-L2)
desc in symp trunks to lumbar and sacral chain ganglia
some syn here or in inf mesenteric ganglion and travel via inf hypogastric plexus
others will syn in prevertebral ganglia but travel in same plexuses
postsyn fibers travel to pelvic organs (bladder, rep organs, distal 1/2 of large intestine)
Where do symp fibers to periphery synapse?
chain ganglia
Where do symp fibers to the head synapse?
sup cervical ganglion
Where do symp fibers to thorax synapse?
nearest chain ganglion OR sup cervical ganglion
Where do symp fibers to abdomen synapse?
celiac ganglia OR sup mesenteric ganglia
Where do symp fibers to pelvis synapse?
lumbar and sacral chain ganglia OR inf mesenteric ganglion OR prevertebral ganglia
“fight or flight”
sympathetic
sympathetic division arises from the
thoracolumbar levels
why is the sympathetic division more complex than the parasympathetic division?
complex innervation patterns
examples of the sympathetic division
nervous sweating and goosebumps
sympathetic division has more
ganglia (chain & prevertenral ganglia)
there are between 21 and 22 ____ ____ ganglia per side in the typical person
sympathetic chain
sympathetic fibers synapse (connect) to periphery via ____ ____
chain ganglia
preganglionic neurons from cardiopulmonary splanchnics, terminate in
cardiac plexus
