Autonomic Nervous System Flashcards
What neurones pass via the dorsal roots
Sensory
What neurones pass via the ventral roots
Motor
What do two spinal roots create; what does this divide into
A spinal nerve; dorsal ramus and ventral ramus
Where do neurones travels to along the dorsal ramus; what fibres does it contain
Posterior body wall; somatic motor, somatic sensory and sympathetic
Where do neurones travels to along the ventral ramus; what fibres does it contain
Anterior and lateral body wall, and limbs; somatic motor, somatic sensory and sympathetic
What ramus is larger
Ventral
Where do basic reflex messages get sorted; what is the whole process called
Within the spinal cord; reflex arc
What are the two divisions of the ANS
Sympathetic and parasympathetic
What does the ANS supply
Viscera, glands and blood vessels
What cranial nerves are part of the parasympathetic division
III, VII, IX and X
What outflow does the parasympathetic division contain
Cranial-sacral
Where are cell bodies dispersed in the outflow of the sympathetic division
Lateral horn of the spinal cord only between T1 and L1/L2
How are sympathetic fibres passed beyond the thorax
Through the sympathetic chain
What is the sympathetic chain
A system of paravertebral ganglia that lies either side of the sympathetic body; travels from the cervical to the sacral regions
What does the sympathetic chain communicate with; and what does it communicate via
The spinal nerves and with paravertebral ganglia; rami communicantes (white and grey)
Describe, briefly, the pathway of sympathetic fibres exiting the lateral horn
Enters a spinal nerve and then into the sympathetic chain via a white ramus communicans
Once in the sympathetic chain, where can sympathetic fibres travel to
- A local plexus
2. Use the chain to ascend or descend to structures outwith the thorax/abdomen
How do sympathetic fibres return from the sympathetic chain
They can enter a spinal nerve, of any vertebral level, using a grey ramus communicans
How do sympathetic fibres reach the body wall
Via the dorsal and ventral ramus’
What is referred pain
Pain perceived at a location other than the site of the painful stimulus
Why does pain travel down the upper limb, when pain is associated with the heart
The brachial plexus is associated with with T1; it contains similar nerves
What are dermatomes
An expression of where the spinal nerves are
What dermatome is the umbilicus in
T10
What dermatome is the nipple in
T4
What does the enteric nervous system contain
It contains tiny fibres passing through the gut wall itself
What does the ENS help regulate
The movement and secretion of the gut tube
