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Pharmacology > Autonomic Nervous System > Flashcards

Autonomic Nervous System Flashcards

0
Q

Alpha 2

A

Ag: E>=ne>iso; clonidine
Antag: yohimbine
E: presynaptic inibitory, dec ne release, decrease insulin release, platelet aggregation

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1
Q

Alpha 1

A

Ag: e>=ne»iso; phenylephrine
Antag:prazosin
Effect: arteriole contraction,Gut muscle contraction, liver glycogenolysis, inc contractile force

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2
Q

Beta1

A

Ag: Iso>Epi=NE: Dobutamine
Antag: Metoprolol
Effect: inc force of contractions; inc HR; inc AV conduction velocity; JG cells: inc renin secretion

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3
Q

Beta 2

A

Ag: Iso>Epi=NE: Terbutaline
Antag: ICI 118551
Effect: bronchial smooth muscle relaxation
Vasodilation
Liver: glycogenolysis; gluconeogenesis

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4
Q

Beta 3

A

Ag: Iso=NE >Epi; BRL 37344
Antag: ICI 118551; CGP 20712A
Effect: Adipose: lipolysis

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5
Q

NICOTINIC RECEPTORS

Skeletal Muscle

A

Ag: Phenyltrimethyl-ammonium
Nicotine
Antag: Tubocurarine alpha neurotoxin
Effect: skeletal muscle contraction

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6
Q

Neuronal (peripheral)

A

Ag: Dimethylphenyl-piperazinium; Epibatidine; Nicotine
Antag: Trimethaphan
Effect: depolarization and firing of postganglionic neuron (autonomic ganglia); secretion of catecholamine (medulla)

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7
Q

Neuronal (CNS)

A

Ag: Nicotine; Cytisine; Epibatidine
Antag: -
Effect: -

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8
Q

MUSCARINIC RECEPTORS

M1

A

Ag: Oxotremorine
Antag: Atropine; Pirenzepine;
Effect: depolarization

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9
Q

M2

A

Ag: -
Antag: Atropine; Tripitramine
Effect: SA Node: dec HR
AV Node: dec conduction

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10
Q

M3

A

Ag: -
Antag: Atropine; Darifenacin
Effect: vasodilatation
secretory gland: inc secretion

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11
Q

M4

A

Ag: -
Antag: atropine
Effect: -

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12
Q

M5

A

Ag: -
Antag: -
Effect: -

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13
Q

SYNAPTIC NEUROTRANSMITTER

EXCITATORY

A

Acetylcholine
Glutamate
Aspartate
Epinephrine; NE; Dopamine

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14
Q

SYNAPTIC NEUROTRANSMITTER

INHIBITORY

A

GABA
Glycine
Acetylcholine
Epinephrine; NE; Dopamine

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15
Q

Dobutamine

A

Beta 1 selective agonist
Inc HR, contractility
U: cardiac decompensation, heart failure, inc CO w/o tachy, short term
Toxicity: HPN, Arrhythmia

16
Q

Propanolo and Metoprolol

A

Beta 1 blocker
Dec HR, contractility
Treatment for hypertension (HPN), tachycardia

17
Q

Beta 2 selective agonists

A

Relax
U: bronchial asthma because less tachy, Preterm labor
T: skeletal muscle tremor; tachycardia
Drugs: metaproterenol; terbutaline; salbutamol (ventolin); salmeterol;

18
Q

Alpha1 selective agonists

A

Vasoconstriction; inc PVR
Inc BP
U: hypotension; shock; nasal decongestant
Drugs: methoxamine; phenylephrine(b at higher dose); mephentemine; metaraminol
T: HTN, headache

19
Q

Alpha 2 selective agonists

A

Lowers BP- activation of presynaptic receptors, suppresses outflow
U: HPN and muscle spasm (Tizanidine)
Drugs: Clonidine (catapres); methyldopa (aldomet);
T: dry mouth, sedation, sexual dysfunction, marked brady

20
Q

Alpha 1 selective antagonist

A

Prazosin
U: HPN; BPH ( benign prostatic hyperplasia); congestive heart failure; vasospasm
T: postural HPoN, first dose, headache, dizziness, syncope
Tamsulosin: similar to Prazosin

21
Q

Beta adrenergic antagonists

A

Beta blockers; structurally similar to beta agonists
Dec HR; dec myocardial contractility
U: HPN; angina; ventricular arrhythmias(BEAAM); tachycardia; prophylaxis of migraine; acute panic syndrome; glaucoma
T: CHF, bradyarryhythmias, cold extrem, hypertriglyceridimia
Examples: carvedilol; propanolol; metoprolol;

22
Q

Mixed alpha and beta antag

A

Labetalol and carvedilol, and bucindolol

U: HPN

23
Q

New beta antag

A

Bisoprolol (zebeta, concor)

Nebivolol (bystolic)

24
Q

Alkalosis

Acidosis

A

Increase excitability

Progressive depression of neuronal activity- coma

25
Q

Drugs that inc threshold

That decrease threshold

A

Hypnotics, tranquilizers, anesthetics

Caffeine. Benzedrine. Nicotine

26
Q

Blocks action potential propagation

A

Local anesthethics, tetrodotoxin, saxitoxin(poisons)

By blocking sodium channel, blocking conduction

27
Q

Ganglionic blockade

A

Adrenergic and cholinergic- hexamethonium
Sympa- vasoconstriction, inc bp, orthostatic, severe- hypotension
Parasympa- inc gi motility and salivation, block- constipation, urinary retention, dry mouth

28
Q

Inhibitor of nt synthesis

A

Adrenerg- methyl tyrosine, carbidopa–dec epineph

Cholinergic- hemicholinium– do not produce real ach

29
Q

Inhibitor of nt release

A

Adre- bretylium(inhibit epi release), guanethedine

Choliner- botulinium

30
Q

Facilitation of nt release

A

Adre- amphetamine(epi release), tyramine(subs of ne), ssra

Choli- latrotoxin(black widow spider)

31
Q

Mao inhibitors

A

Moclobemide, phenelzine
Inc levels of monoamine
Contraindicated in pt who eat cheese, wine, choco since ne will inc

32
Q

Ssra

A

Apetite suppressant, anti depressant and anxiety
Chlorphentamine, ddexfenfluramine, fenfluramine(also causes pulmonary hypertension kaya tinanggal), cloforex
Tinira ang phentermine

33
Q

Dpletion of vesicular nt storage

A

Adre- reserpine

Cholinergic- vesamicol

34
Q

Blockade of nt reuptake

A

Adre- cocaine(blocks epi reup, hypertension), desipramine(tricyclic anti depress), ssri(fluoxetine)

Produces dysphoria, eusophoria, also hypertensive crisis

35
Q

Non selective sympa reuptake inhib

A

SNRI- major depression and mood disorder, adhd, ocd
Venlafaxine, duloxetine, sibutramine, bicifadine
SNDRI- bicifadine, tesofensine
NDRI- bupropion(smoking cessation), amineptine

36
Q

Sibutramine

A

Otc drug affect ne and serotonin
C/i- cerebrovascular disorders, mental illness
With epileptic fits or seizures

37
Q

Selective reuptake inhibitor- ssri

A

Fluoxetine, citalopram, paroxetine, sertraline

NRI- viloxazine

38
Q

Inhibitor of nt metab

A

Adrenergic- moclobemide, pargyline, selegiline, tolcapone

Choli- neostigmine, physostigmine

Pharmacology (15 decks)

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