autism Flashcards
Domains of Autism symptoms
social communication impairment
restricted interests/repetitive behaviors
diagnostic criteria
3 deficits in social communication and at least two symptoms in restricted range of activities/repetitive behaviors
new symptom will be included in diagnostic criteria
hyper or hypo reactivity to sensory input or unusually interests in sensory aspects of the environment
when are children diagnosed
a diagnosis of autism at age 2 can be reliable, valid and stable
High systemizers choose each other as mates, and may be pass on genetic risk for ASD to children
assortative mating
those that only cope with highly lawful systems, and cannot cope with systems of high variance or change, such as the social world of other minds, appear ‘change-resistant’
systemizers
environmental risks for ASD
maternal, paternal age
ongoing research for a lot of things
strengths in ASD
often highly skilled in a particular area
Attention to detail
tendency to be logical (good for decision making)
usually visual processing
Signs of ASD
differences in social interaction and communication
defining symptom of autism
social impairment
ASD red flags
no babbling or pointing by age 1 no single words by 16 mo or two-word phrases by age 2 no response to name loss of language or social skills poor eyecontact or poor use of eye gaze
other ASD red flags
excessive lining up of toys or objects
lack of smiling or social responsiveness, lack of shared enjoyment
lack of joint attention
limited interaction
lack of gestures to compensate for communication difficulties
“sticky” attention
absolute indicators of ASD
No babbling by 12 mo No gesturing by 12 mo No single words by 16 mo No two word spontaneous phrases by 24 mo loss of language or social skills at any age
Other indicators
at 12 mo
sleep difficulties
eating difficulties
play: differences in object exploration (lack of, unusual)
communication/speech differences
use of language differences
reciprocal communication- ‘five and take’ of conversations
body language
restricted interests/repetitive behaviors
sensory differences
1 ASD in older kids
motor differences in ASD
postural asymmetries
gait; lack of heel toe pattern, lack of reciprocal arm movements, more waddling
jitteriness and irritability or reduced motor activity, excessive stereotypical object play
excessive time looking at nearby objects
motor differences in toddlers with eventual diagnosis
atypical hand and finger movements
more stereotypical object play (excessive banging or preoccupation with spinning objects or with part of an object)
motor stereotypes
rhythmic, repetitive, fixed, predictable but “purposeless” movements
children with ASD demonstrated significantly more
sensory interests, repetitions, and seeking (SIRS) behaviors simultaneously
studies have found that children with ASD demonstrate increasingly _______ as they age
complex repetitive behaviors
sensory processing patterns
hyper reponsiveness
hyporesponsiveness
enhanced perception
sensory seeking
hyper responsiveness
avoidance/sensitivities
hyporesponsiveness
bystander
enhanced perception
hyper-aware/detail oriented