adaptive equipment Flashcards
crutches walkers gait trainers crawling devices assitive weight bearing device
ambulations devices
neuromuscular benefits of standing
decrease contractures improve ROM increase strength normalize muscle tone proper visual alignment
orthopedic benefits of standing
assist with skeletal development
increase bone mass
joint formation
internal organ benefits from standing
improved respiration
improved digestion
improved bladder function
improved bowel function
common diagnoses for children that require seating and wheeled mobility
cerebral palsy developmental delay spina bifida muscular dystrophy hydrocephalus
wheelchair feature considerations
back height seat width and depth seat to floor height armrest height footrest/leg rest
considerations for back height
provide adequate postural support
allow for upper extremity function
seat width and depth considerations
accommodate body dimensions accommodate for future growth provide proper support to pelvis and thighs provide comfort accessibility
considerations for seat to floor height
transfers
foot propulsion
table top activities
ADL’s
considerations for armrest height
provide proper support for upper extremitieis
assist with postural control
prevent elevation of shoulders
assist with transfers and tray mount
functional considerations
if the skeleton has a correct position
joints function smoothly
ROM increases
muscles are used more efficiently
considerations for footrest/leg rest
angle (70, 80, 90 degrees)
swingaway vs fixed
elevating legrests/edema/ROM limitations
angle adjustable footplates/footboard
stroller for minimal support and active family lifestyles
fold and go
no growth
standard/umbrella style
stroller for support of moderate deformities with decreased trunk and extremity strength. stroller has minimal growth
moderate positioning adaptive stroller
stroller for children who demonstrate low tone and no muscle control who require aggressive positioning and future growth
full positioning adaptive stroller
wheelchairs for short or occasional use, limited sizes and options
standard
wheelchairs for moderately active lifestyles, wider range of sizes and options, more durable yet lighter frame
high strength light weight
wheelchairs for clients weighing over 250 lbs or who demonstrate severe spasticity
heavy duty
wheelchairs are available in man sizes and have a large variety of options. they are very light in weight and durable. additionally the adjustable plates allow for a lot
ultralight manual wheelchairs
adjustable axle plates on ultralight wheelchairs allow for
optimal placement of rear wheels for efficient propulsion
adjustable seat to floor height for tranfers/foot propelling
bucketing (slight tilt) of the wheelchair frame for improved postural control/stability
provide the client who has poor trunk control or who is unable to reposition with the following benefits
gravity assisted positioning to enhance head and trunk control
pressure relief by transferring weight from the buttocks to the trunk
decrease spasticity by maintaining a fixed hip angle
tilt in space manual wheelchair
are generally ultralight or tilt in space manual wheelchairs that have the additional advantage of being able to be modified for growth
pediatric manual wheelchairs
how is modificaiton for growth accomplished in pediatric manual wheelchairs
the cross frames can be replaced to achieve more seat width
the back of the wheelchair frame can be moved posteriorly on the wheelchair frame to achieve more seat depth
the wheels can be moved forward or back on the wheelchair frame to adjust the center of gravity and properly position the rear wheels for efficient propulsion
indications for the use of a power wheelchair
upper extremity weakness, spacticity or paralysis
limited upper extremity ROM or purposeful movement
decreased endurance as a result of weak trunk musculature and prolong sitting
the need to be able to independently, perform ADLs and explore environment
rapidly progressive disease that would result in a manual wheelchair not being a cost-effective alternative
clients with long term disabilities often require more aggressive support than that offered by a sling seat and back due to
weakness of trunk musculature
spasticity/abnormal muscle tone
orthopedic deformity of the trunk, spine and or pelvis
clients with long term disabilities are often at high risk for pressure sores due to
absent or decreased sensation
an inability to reposition themselves to relieve pressure
pelvic deformities
incontinence
solutions for pressure problems
a pressure relieving seat cushion
pressure mapping to determine the most appropriate seat cushion for a client with ongoing pressure problems
a tilt in space seat frame
a reclining back
move against gravity and through space
gross motor functions
managing tools for objects to solve environmental problems
fine motor functions
daily hygiene, preparing and consuming meals, dressing and undressing
ADL’s
independent exploration, elarning and recreational activities
work and play
receive and express ideas, thoughts, want/needs
communication
with proper AE a child may
perform a task taht was not possible without the assistive device
perform a task in broader contexts
perform a task with less adult assistance
how will the child use the device in the long term
participation
what will we expect out of the child in the short term
activities
and assistive device is not a
restraining device
assistive device precautions
watch for autostatic hypotension
strap tightness
do not leave child unattended
