Audiences

Question 1

An audience can be described as…

Answer 1

…and individual or collective group that consume a media text

Question 2

What factors can affect the response of an audience?

Answer 2

Gender, Age, Ethnicity and Culture

Question 3

Mode of Address:

Answer 3

the way a media text ‘speaks’ to its audience through the language

Question 4

Dominant Ideology:

Answer 4

the attitudes, beliefs and values of a majority of people in a society

Question 5

Target Audience:

Answer 5

the intended audience

Question 6

Active Audience:

Answer 6

used to describe an audience who engages with a text

Question 7

Passive Audience:

Answer 7

used to describe an audience who accepts the idea constructed in a media text and does not attempt to make their own interpretation

Question 8

Audience Positioning:

Answer 8

shaping the point of view of the audience through technical codes, audio codes and language / mode of address

Question 9

Demographic Profiling:

Answer 9

placing consumers into categories: age, sex, income, occupation and other factors which can be used for a media producer to determine their target audience

Question 10

Desensitisation:

Answer 10

when an audience is repeatedly exposed to acts of violence, sex, death and other taboo subjects through media

Question 11

Fandom:

Answer 11

a subculture comprised of a devoted audience of a text or franchise

Question 12

Participatory:

Answer 12

the nature of an audience being actively involved with a text

Question 13

Who suggested a theory based around the four Cs?

Answer 13

Young and Rubicam

Question 14

What do the four Cs stand for?

Answer 14

Cross Cultural Consumer Characterisation

Question 15

What are the seven of Young and Rubicam’s Psychographic Profiles?

Answer 15

Mainstreamers
Strugglers
Aspirers
Resigned
Reformers
Succeeders
Explorers

Question 16

Define Mainstreamers: (Y&R)

Answer 16

The largest psychographic category.
Mainstreamers seek security.
They tend to be conformist and like to stick to what’s conventional.

Question 17

Define Strugglers: (Y&R)

Answer 17

An audience who tends to be unorganised and focuses only on the present. They look for a sense of escape, and want to experience sensation.

Question 18

Define Aspirers: (Y&R)

Answer 18

This category is centred on social status. Aspirers are materialistic and focus on image and appearance.

Question 19

Define Resigned: (Y&R)

Answer 19

They are generally people of an older age. Prefer tradition and institution. They seek security, economy and familiarity.

Question 20

Define Succeeders: (Y&R)

Answer 20

They enjoy control. An audience who is organised, hard-working and has a strong set of life goals.

Question 21

Define Explorers: (Y&R)

Answer 21

An audience who seeks discovery. Adventurous psychographic, who are energetic and individual.

Question 22

Who theorises about uses and gratifications?

Answer 22

Blumler and Katz

Question 23

What are the uses and gratifications of a media text?

Answer 23

Entertainment
Identity
Information
Social Interaction

Question 24

While mainstream audiences are important for media creators from a commercial perspective…

Answer 24

…specialised audiences with niche interests often allow for media texts to be produced that are more innovative and risk-taking

Question 25

How has modern digital technology massively expanded the market for niche texts?

Answer 25

Digital broadcasting allows for networks to have multiple channels dedicated to specific interests or genres

Question 26

Give an example of how social, historical and cultural circumstances of an audience is reflected by what they want from media

Answer 26

The Vietnam War left a generation of young American people disillusioned with the traditional values of American society, resulting in more films, books and arts that rebelled against this

Question 27

Encode:

Answer 27

place messages within a media text

Question 28

Decode:

Answer 28

take various readings and interpretations from an encoded media text

Question 29

Technical codes:

Answer 29

These codes are when meaning is encoded in a media text in a technical capacity

Question 30

Visual codes:

Answer 30

these codes refer to the creation of meaning encoded in a media text through visual elements

Question 31

Language:

Answer 31

Print media and publications will necessarily use language as a way to encode meaning

Question 32

Mode of address:

Answer 32

How the media text addresses and involves an audience

Question 33

Who theorises about reception?

Answer 33

Stuart Hall

Question 34

What factors can affect an audience response?

Answer 34

Gender, Age, Ethnicity and Culture

Question 35

How would Gender affect an audience response?

Answer 35

A media text may address certain topics that a specific gender prefers.

Question 36

How would Age affect an audience response?

Answer 36

A younger audience might have become desensitised to certain topics, which an older audience might feel uncomfortable watching

Question 37

How would Ethnicity affect an audience response?

Answer 37

An audience that is part of an ethnic group may respond differently to a text due to the values and beliefs that may have been present in their upbringing