A2 theories Flashcards
Giroux
youth becomes an empty category because adults construct these representations of youth reflecting their adult concerns, anxiety,etc
Aceland
negative representations of the youth are for the greater good - “ideologies of protection” as adults are trying to enforce how to behave or even how not to behave.
Tessa Perkins
stereotyping is not a simple process and contains a number of assumptions that can be challenged
Gramsci
there is a sense of hegemony as the representations are based on the ideologies of the adults, resulting in negative stereotyping and moral panic.
Baurdrillard
key concepts can increasingly be intertwined with reality
Gramsci -cultural hegemony
dominance of one culture over the other
Leon Festinger
Downward Social Comparison theory, which states that people compare themselves with others who are not as proficient as we are.
eg- characters in films are shown to be in a far worse situation than ourselves, which results in them gratifying the audience as perhaps it ensures a sense of security and comfort.
O’Connor
Although the internet and technology increases globalisation, O’Connor suggests that its creating cultural homogenisation as it seems that the ideologies of the western culture are dominating in reference to Hollywood films.
Dyer
Star theory - pleasure of recognition
Stuart hall
the media and therefore often audiences often blur race and class black representations - entertainers ,faithful slaves and happy natives
Edward
the west constructs a meaning of the east as dangerous, different and uncivilised
Alvarado
representations of ethnicity- exotic dangerous humorous pitied eg jumanji - kevin hart
Frantz fanon
black skin , white masks
Zillman and cantor
affective disposition - audiences rooting for morally good represented characters
zillman
excitation transfer - audiences feel worried for characters presented as good or moral
downward social comparison
characters are represented in a situation far more worse than the secure and comfortable situation of the audience = gratification
ego involvement
The extent to which we see an attitude object as being important or significant.
(people, places, and things, that have an attitude or opinion associated with it.)
eg- characters emotions towards earthquakes resonate with its audience
post colonialism
focuses on the oppression of those who were ruled under colonisation
giving other countries British values - westernised - at one point Great Britain ruled the whole world
cultural imperialism
the most dominant culture exporting media products in the USA
Edward Said -
orientalism - non western cultures are represented through western eyes largely because of the impact of cultural imperialism throughout the power of western media
Meghan markle
introduce yourself as who you are, not what colour your parent happen to be
