Atypical Vascular Disorders

Question 1

what is an arteriovenous fistula?

Answer 1

abnormal direct communication between an artery and a vein

Question 2

arteriovenous fistulas

size of connection and location is important in the development of ___

Answer 2

CHF

Question 3

traumatic arteriovenous fistulas - ___ connections
congenital arteriovenous fistulas - ___ connections

Answer 3

traumatic arteriovenous fistulas - single connections
congenital arteriovenous fistulas - numerous connections

Question 4

____ located fistulas are less likely to cause CHF but more likely to cause ___

Answer 4

peripherally located fistulas are more likely to cause ischemia

Question 5

___ and ___ predict the resistance a fistula offers

Answer 5

diameter and length

Question 6

arterial proximal to the fistula has greatly ___ flow, especially during diastole

Answer 6

increased flow

Question 7

arterial flow distal to the fistula can be normal or become more ___

Answer 7

pulsatile

Question 8

arteriovenous fistulas

BP in the distal artery is always ___

Answer 8

reduced

Question 9

direction of blood flow may be normal if the fistula resistance exceeds that of the ___

Answer 9

distal vascular bed

Question 10

flow through the fistula is ___

Answer 10

turbulent

Question 11

venous flow approaching the fistula is ___

Answer 11

phasic

Question 12

venous flow moving away from the fistula is ___

Answer 12

phasic and pulsatile

Question 13

chronic, large fistulas may cause ____ in the distal vein

Answer 13

retrograde (valves are incompetent)