ATS 12 - Roman Art

Question 1

What is an Insula(‘Island’)?

Answer 1

• Block-sized collection of apartments and shops
• Could be five or more stories tall
  
  • Very thick walls on ground floor (ca. 60 cm.)
• Smaller insula-blocks possible (as with Ostia Garden Houses)

Again, a spectrum

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Question 2

What is the Atrium house?

Answer 2

First type routinely found (thanks to its prevalence in Pompeii)and thus usually viewed as the “standard” Roman house

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Question 3

What is the House of the Vettii(Pompeii)?

2 points.

Answer 3

• Rebuilt ca. 62 AD, lavishly decorated in Fourth Style
• Owned by two freedmen, A. Vettius Restitutus and A. Vettius Conviva

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Question 4

What is a Triclinium?

Answer 4

Triclinium = open air dining room

e.g. House of the Cryptoporticus Pompeii with cement beds

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Question 5

What are the types of art?

4 points.

Answer 5

• “Symbolic” or stylized (bears little resemblance to natural forms, through intent or skil)
• Naturalistic (Greek)
• Realistic (Madame Tussaud’s Wax Museum)
• Veristic

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Question 6

Describe

Augustus Prima Porta

4 points.

Answer 6

• Marble statue found at the Villa of Livia (Prima Porta)
• Strong references in style to Greek sculpture
• Strong messages conveyed by statue
• Original? No

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Question 7

Describe

The Parthian standards

5 points.

Answer 7

Level 1:

• Crassus lost standards
• Embarrassing to Rome
• Benefits of Rome pulling in one direction?

Level 2:

• Marc Antony attempted to attack Parthia (unsuccessfully)
• Augustus did what Marc Antony couldn’t

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Question 8

What is the AraPacis (Augustae)?

4 points.

Answer 8

• Commissioned by the Senate in 13 BCE. - Completed in 9 BCE
• Format: marble altar with marble enclosure wall
• Richly decorated on every surface
• Peace in the Augustan age (PaxAugusta) an important motif

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Question 9

What are the Decoration of the AraPacis?

8 points.

Answer 9

Upper:

• East: Female warrior (Roma?) with weapons (1)Some sort of fertility goddess (2)
• North: Religious procession
  • Lictors, Septemviri,
  • Quindecimviri(oracular books and foreign gods)
  • Politicians
• West: Romulus and Remus (1)Aeneas sacrificing to Juno (2)
• South: Religious procession (imperial household)

Lower:

• vegetal motifs

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Question 10

What are the Features of the Roman temple?

5 points.

Answer 10

• High podium
• Deep portico (pronaos)
• Sometimes pseudo-peripteral (engaged columns)
• Internal division into three parts (sometimes)
• Strong directionality (compared to Greece)

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Question 11

Describe

The Pantheon

4 points.

Answer 11

• Erected during reigns of Trajan and Hadrian
• Based on previous temple erected by Marcus Agrippa in 27 BCE
• Intended to connect Trajan and Hadrian to age of Augustus
• Combines traditional Roman temple format with round shrine format, on a massive scale

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