ATS 01 - Iron Age

Question 1

After the bronze age collapses which key new powers emerge?

List of 3

Answer 1

• Scythia
• Babylonia
• Rome

etc

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Question 2

What are the key characteristics of iron that supported the takeover from bronze?

Answer 2

• Iron is used throughout the bronze age.
• Iron is associated with magic (mages).
• Trade in iron during the late bronze age was not part of elite exchange
• Elite trade breaks down, leading to increased dependency on iron.
• Iron had better durability for weapons (less hard edges).

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Question 3

What happened to settlements in Mycenae?

Answer 3

Dramatically decreased (depopulated)

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Question 4

What is the cup of Nestor?

Answer 4

• Found in Pithekoussai
• Made in 750-700BC
• Earliest example of written Greek.
• Possibly features a joke about sex and drinking.

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Question 5

Where does the Greek alphabet originate?

Answer 5

The Greek alphabet originates with the Phoenicians.

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Question 6

Where did Greeks found colonies?

Answer 6

Greeks founded colonies in

• Italy
• Turkey
• Sicily
• Southern France
• Spain
• North Africa
• All around the Black Sea

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Question 7

What are the key attributes of Pithekoussai?

Answer 7

• Located at the base of Mt Vico
• Accessible by ship
• Close to trade routes
• Provides safety from native population

Safety was a significant concern.

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Question 8

Describe Naucratis

Answer 8

Greek colony in Egypt.

Date from 1600 BC

9 different city states teamed up to found this colony.

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Question 9

What special privileges did Naucratis have?

Answer 9

Naucratis was give special privileges by the king:

• Found their own temple
• Could collect taxes
• Oversaw the harbours
• Any foreigner who came to Egypt had to go to Naucratis.

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Question 10

What were the causes of Colonization?

Answer 10

• Dramatic rise in populations of Greek cities
• Limited carrying capacity of agricultural regions inside Greece
• Increasing trade across the Mediterranean
• Serious political differences

    * Rather than death you can be sent off.

• Not just trading post (like the Phoenicians), the Greeks were founding cities with a trade aspect

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Question 11

What features of Greek identity did the colonies share?

List of 8 items

Answer 11

• Temples
• Theatre
• Bathing complexes
• Gymnasiums
• Language & writing
• Literature
• Cooking
• Pottery

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Question 12

What is an example of Greek identity in colonial temples?

Answer 12

Paestum, Italy

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Question 13

What is an example of Greek identity in colonial theatre?

Answer 13

Taormina, Sicily

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Question 14

What is an example of Greek identity in colonial bathing complexes?

Answer 14

Morgantina, Sicily

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Question 15

What did the Metropolis that founded a colony share with the colony?

Answer 15

• Political structure
• Laws
• Cults & temples
• Festivals

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Question 16

What was independent between the founding metropolis and the colony?

Answer 16

• Foreign policy (semi-independent)
• Agricultural and industrial production
• Citizenship (did not transfer back to the metropolis)

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Question 17

What was the nature of the Greek colonies?

Answer 17

Not an empire (like the British Empire) but the founding of independent colonies.

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Question 18

What happened to Greek colonies?

Answer 18

From around 775 to around 500 BC Greek colonies were established around:

• Mediterranean
• Aegean
• Adriatic
• Black Seas

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Question 19

What happened to the Greek colonies?

Answer 19

Many of the Greek colonies would go on to be major cities on their own (Syracuse for instance).

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Question 20

What was the impact of the Greek world?

Answer 20

The Greek world was now much larger and the Greeks were in close contact with most cultures of the Mediterranean.

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Question 21

What was the importance of the colonies to Greek History

Answer 21

Our understanding of Greek history from 775 onward must always include the colonies, which at times could eclipse even the power and cultural development of Greece.

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Question 22

What were the Greek Colonies in Italy & Sicily known as?

Answer 22

Magna Graecia

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