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Associations for STEP 1 Flashcards

Sources: First Aid USMLE STEP 1 2021 First Aid USMLE STEP 1 2022 TrueLearn Bank Flash cards AUTOR: Marxena,Andrea

1
Q

Down syndrome associations:

6

A

1) Acute leukemias both AML and ALL
2) Gastrointestinal anomalies: duodenal atresia,Hirschsprung disease.
3) Heart problems-> endocardial cushions defect)
4) Early-onset Alzheimer: (APP gene is located in chromosome 21)
5) C1-C2 subluxation
6) Imperforate Anus

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2
Q

polyarteritis nodosa associations:

A

1) Hep B

2) Hep C

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3
Q

Intussusception

A

1) Henoch-Schonlein purpura
2) Meckers Diverticulum
3) Rotavirus Vaccine

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4
Q

Polymyositis

A

Malignancies

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5
Q

Cryoglobulinemia

3

A
  1. Hep C
  2. Multiple Myeloma
  3. Mycoplasma Infection
    * **present with large amounts of cryoglobulins that precipitate at lower temperatures, which is why this patient had more symptoms with lower temperatures
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6
Q

Porphyria cuteness tarda (1)

A

Hep C

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7
Q

AIHA (warm type)

2

A

1) SLE

2) CLL-> Chronic lymphocytic leukemia

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8
Q

Cold agglutinin disease

3

A

1) EBV
2) Mycoplasma
3) waldenstroms macroglobulinemia

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9
Q

Angiodysplasia

3

A
  • Aortic stenosis
  • End-Stage Renal Disease
  • von Willebrand disease
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10
Q

Restless leg Sx (1)

A

Fe+ deficiency anemia

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11
Q

Breath-holding spells (1)

A

Fe+ deficiency anemia

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12
Q

Bells palsy (3)

A

1) Lyme disease
2) sarcoidosis
3) herpes zoster

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13
Q

Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura (3)

A

1) HIV
2) cancer
3) drugs (cyclosporine,ticlopidine,clopidogrel)

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14
Q

Polycystic kidney disease (4)

A

1) Berry aneurysm
2) liver cysts
3) Mitral valve prolapse
4) Diverticulosis

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15
Q

Psoriasis

1

A

1) Depression

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16
Q

Pemphigus Vulgaris

2

A

1) ACEIs

2) Penicillamine

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17
Q

Omphalocele

2

A

1) Tri13

2) Tri18

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18
Q

Umbilical hernia

3

A

1) Congenital Hypothyroidism
2) African american babies
3) Beckwith-Wiedemann Sx
4) Prematurity

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19
Q

Multiple itchy seborrheic keratoses
“sign of Leser-Trélat”
(1)

A

1) GI malignancy

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20
Q

Pyoderma gangrenosum

1

A

1)Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD)-> UC*

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21
Q

Widespread molluscum contagiosum

1

A

HIV

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22
Q

C1-C2 subluxation (2)

A

1) Down sx

2) Rheumatoid arthritis

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23
Q

Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS)

6

A

1) HIV
2) IVDU-> Heroin
3) Afro-American race
4) Sickle cell dx
5) Obesity
6) Interferon treatment

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24
Q

Membranous nephropathy

4

A

1) Solid carcinomas
2) hep B
3) NSAID’s
4) SLE

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25
Q 
Membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis (MPGN)
(2)
A

1) Hep B

2) Hep C

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26
Q

Minimal change disease

2

A

1) Children

2) Adults with Hodgkins lymphoma

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27
Q

Mesangial ( IgA nephropathy) (1)

A

1) Recent Upper Respiratory Infection

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28
Q

dermatitis herpetiformis

1

A

1) Celiac Dx

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29
Q 
Erythema nodosum
(4)
A

1) Sarcoidosis
2) Crohn’s disease
3) coccidioidomycosis
4) histoplasmosis

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30
Q

Toxic Megacolon

2

A

1) Ulcerative Colitis

2) Chagas dx

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31
Q

Diphyllobothrium Latum (1)

A

B12 Deficiency

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32
Q

HLA-DQ8 and HLA-DQ2

A

Celiac Dx

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33
Q

A higher risk of colon cancer is elevated in which IBD

A

Crohn disease

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34
Q

Budd-Chiari syndrome (hepatic vein thrombosis) is often associated

A

1) hypercoagulable
states-> (polycythemia vera)
*abdominal bruit

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35
Q

Meconium Ileum (1)

36
Q

Horseshow Kidney (1)

A

1.Turner Sx

37
Q

BMPR2 gene are associated with (1)

A

primary (inherited) pulmonary arterial hypertension

38
Q

Multiple conditions are associated with PCOS

9

A

1) obesity
2) reduced glucose tolerance
3) metabolic syndrome
4) type 2 diabetes mellitus
5) Infertility
6) cardiovascular risks
7) obstructive sleep apnea
8) endometrial cancer
9) metabolic-associated fatty liver disease.

39
Q

Esophageal stricture formation is associated (3)

A

1)chronic gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), 2)esophagitis (due to certain infections and/or medications), 3)ingestion of caustic materials such as lye-based cleaning products (oven cleaner, drain cleaner, etc)

40
Q

Associated with lesions along the lateral sympathetic chain (1)

A
  • > Horner Syndrome
  • Ipsilateral miosis
  • Partial ptosis
  • Anhidrosis
41
Q

Arnold-Chiari 1 is asso: (2)

A

1) syringomyelia

2) Connective tissue disorders, such as Ehlers-Danlos and Marfan’s syndrome

42
Q

Dandy-Walker syndrome is asso (2)

A
  1. corpus callosum absence

2. Karyotype abnormalities

43
Q

Saccular or berry aneurysms are often associated with

3

A
  1. Marfan’s syndrome
  2. Ehler-Danlos syndrome
  3. Adult polycystic kidney disease.
44
Q

high-arched cavus feet is often associated with (1)

A

Charcot Marie tooth sx

45
Q

Giant cell arteritis is associated with

1

A

1.polymyalgia rheumatica, which presents as pain and stiffness in the neck, shoulders and hips,

46
Q

Hemangioblastoma Cerebellar tumor associated with

2

A
  1. von Hippel-Lindau syndrome

2. produce EPO (polycythemia vera)

47
Q

Tourette syndrome is associated with

1

A

obsessive-compulsive disorder

48
Q

Rett syndrome may also have

1

49
Q

Psy medications associated with Serotonin Syndrome:

A

-TCAs
- MAOIs
-SSRIs,
-SNRIs
**all increase synaptic levels
of serotonin.

50
Q

Cardiomiopatia hipertrofica en jovenes es asociada a

A

FORMA MUTADA DE TRANSTIRETINA-> amiloidosis

51
Q

Malignidades asociadas a produccion ectopica de ACTH

2

A
  • Renal cell CA

- Small cell lung CA

52
Q

Skin tags are asso to ->

A

Insulin resistance

53
Q

Acanthosis nigricans is asso (malignidad)

A

-Adeno CA Gastrico

54
Q

glucagonoma-> (2)

A
  • Necrolitic migratory erythema (zona inginal)

- Trombosis venosa profunda

55
Q

clumbbing en dedos es asoc a->

A
  • CF

- Malignidad

56
Q

Aplasia celulas rojas->

57
Q

tromboflevitis migratoria protuberancia lineal en las venas (Trousseau sign of malignancy)

A

-CA pancreatico

58
Q

Antibiotico asso a desabilizar placas ateromatosas->

A

Flurquinolonas

59
Q

Se asso a serum sickness

3

A

1) acetazolamida
2) Betalactamicos
3) Hep B

60
Q

usually presents between 20-40 years of age. The patient does have a prior history of tobacco use; however, the patient usually presents with claudication, pain at rest, or gangrene of the fingertips.

A

Buerger’s disease

asso to smoking

61
Q

Syndromes that are associated with the presence of pheochromocytomas include: (4)

A
  • Neurofibromatosis 1
  • Von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) disease
  • Multiple endocrine neoplasia, type 2A (MEN2A)
  • MEN2B
62
Q

a sudden rise in creatinine after beginning treatment with an ACE inhibitor

A

raise concern for bilateral renal artery stenosis.

63
Q

suffering from mushroom poisoning, most likely ingested via a fungus containing

A

α-Amanitin-> inhibits RNA polymerase II

64
Q

Asso to mosaicism inheritance (3)

A
  1. Turner sx
  2. Down sx
  3. Mccune albright sx
65
Q

Actinic (solar) keratosis

A

Precursor of Squamous cell carcinoma

66
Q

Acute gastric ulcer associated with CNS injury

A

Cushing’s Ulcer (stimulates vagal gastric secretion)

67
Q

Acute gastric ulcer associated with severe burns

A

Curling’s ulcer (greatly reduced plasma volume results in sloughing of gastric mucosa)

68
Q

Alternating areas of transmural inflammation and normal colon

A

Skip lesions (Crohn’s dx)

69
Q

Dissecting Aneurysm asso to

A

Hypertension

70
Q

Aortic aneurysm,abdominal and descending aorta

A

Atherosclerosis

71
Q

Aortic aneurysm,ascending

A
  1. 3ary Syphilis

2. Marfans

72
Q

Atrophy of the mammillary bodies

A

Wernicke’s encephalopathy

thiamine deficiency causig ataxia,ophthalmoplegia,confusion

73
Q

Autosplenectomy (fibrosis and shrinkage)

A

Sickle cell anemia (Hbs)

74
Q

Bacteria associated with stomach cancer

75
Q

Clostridium septicum

A

gas gangrene + colon cancer

76
Q

Strep bovis (S. gallolyticus)

A

Subacute endocarditis + colon cancer (do colonoscopy)

77
Q

Vibrio vulnificus (1)

A

grows rapidly in blood from patients with hemochromatosis

78
Q

Burkholderia Cepacia (2)

A
  1. Gram negative, non-lactose fermenting, oxidase+catalase positive.
  2. Cystic fibrosis bug, contraindication for lung transplant
79
Q

Silicosis asso in micro (1)

A

Increase risk of tuberculosis

80
Q

Silicosis asso to work (2)

A
  • Sandblasting

- Glasswork

81
Q

Asbestosis is asso (2)

A

Bronchogenic CA&raquo_space;> Mesothelioma

82
Q

Amniotic fluid embolism is asso to (2)

A

abruptio placentae

DIC

83
Q

Acute cholestatic hepatitis -> Associated Drug(s)

A

Macrolides

84
Q

Hepatic necrosis -> Associated Drug(s) (3)

A
  • Acetaminophen
  • Halothane-> px lo aperaron fuera de USA.
  • Valproic acid
85
Q

Hepatitis-> Associated Drug(s)

A 
Amiodarone
Carbamazepine
Cetuximab
Fibrates
Isoniazid
Ketoconazole
Methotrexate
Non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors
Pyrazinamide
Rifampin
Statins
86
Q

Autoimmune hepatitis is associated with the presence of

A

anti-smooth muscle antibodies.

87
Q

Hepatic vein thrombosis is most commonly seen during

A

pregnancy
hepatocellular carcinoma
paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria.

STEP1 (19 decks)

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