2dn EFFECTS of drugs

Question 1

acute pancreatitis (6)

Answer 1

• Corticoids
• Loop D.
• Thiazides D.
• Didanosine
• Valproic Acid
• Azathioprine

Question 2

drug-induced lupus

Answer 2

• hydralazine,
• isoniazid
• procainamide,
• phenytoin
• sulfa drugs
• methyldopa
• *ANTI HISTONE

Question 3

Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (1)

Answer 3

treatment with interferon (eg, for multiple sclerosis)

Question 4

Membranous nephropathy

Answer 4

• nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs
• captopril
• probenecid
• penicillamine
• tumor necrosis factor-α inhibitors

Question 5

Syndrome of Inappropriate Antidiuretic Hormone (SIADH)

Answer 5

• Carbamazepine
• Cyclophosphamide
• Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors
• Valproic acid

Question 6

Amphotericin B

Answer 6

Nefrotoxicidad

-Renal tubular acidosis tipo 1

Question 7

Acute Gout

Answer 7

loop and thiazide diuretics
(decreased excretion of uric acid.)
(Monosodium urate crystal deposition)

Question 8

Calcium-oxalate–containing stones

Answer 8

vitamin C abuse, ethylene glycol ingestion, and malabsorption.

Question 9

Px con paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia (PSVT) se le dio un medicamento y ahora tiene headache and shortness of breath.

Answer 9

Adenosine

**ontraindicated in patients with histories of bronchospastic diseases like asthma.

Question 10

Amiodarone

Answer 10

• pulmonary fibrosis
• hepatotoxicity
• thyroid dysfunction.

Question 11

Hypokalemia
Type 2 renal tubular acidosis
Calcium phosphate stones
Sulfa allergy

Answer 11

Acetazolamide

Question 12

MOA: Inhibition of carbonic anhydrase in PCT

Answer 12

Acetazolamide

Question 13

Acetazolamide: Indications

Answer 13

• Altitude sickness
• Glaucoma
• Idiopathic intracranial hypertension

Question 14

MOA:Inhibition of Na+/K+/2Cl- cotransporter in the thick ascending limb of the loop of Henle

Answer 14

Loop Diuretics

• Sulfonamides (eg, furosemide, torsemide, bumetanide)
• Nonsulfonamide* (eg, ethacrynic acid)

Question 15

Loop Diuretics: Indications

Answer 15

• Hypertension
• Heart failure
• Cirrhosis
• Pulmonary edema
• Hypercalcemia
• Nephrotic syndrome

Question 16

Adverse Effects: Loop Diuretics

Answer 16

• Hypokalemia
• Hypomagnesemia
• Sulfa allergy with sulfonamides
• Ototoxicity
• Gout
• Dehydration
• Interstitial nephritis

Question 17

MOA: Thiazides

Answer 17

Inhibition of NaCl reabsorption in early DCT

Question 18

hydrochlorothiazide, chlorthalidone

Answer 18

Thiazides

Question 19

Indications: Thiazides

Answer 19

Hypertension
Heart failure
Idiopathic hypercalciuria
Osteoporosis

Question 20

2 types of Potassium-sparing Diuretics

Answer 20

• Aldosterone receptor antagonists: competitive inhibitors at the aldosterone receptor in the late DCT and collecting duct
• Na+ channel blockers: inhibit Na+ in the late DCT and collecting ducts

Question 21

spironolactone, eplerenone (Aldosterone receptor antagonists)

Answer 21

Potassium-sparing Diuretics

Question 22

MOA: spironolactone, eplerenone

Answer 22

Aldosterone receptor antagonists

Question 23

MOA: triamterene, amiloride

Answer 23

Na+ channel blocker-inhibit Na+ in the late DCT and collecting ducts

Question 24

Indications:

Potassium-sparing Diuretics

Answer 24

K+ depleted states
Ascites secondary to liver cirrhosis
Heart failure
Hyperaldosteronism
Antiandrogen

Question 25

Adverse Effects: Potassium-sparing Diuretics

Answer 25

• Hyperkalemia

- Gynecomastia (especially spironolactone)

Question 26

Unico diuretico que provoca hiperkalemia

Answer 26

Potassium-sparing Diuretics

Question 27

Mannitol is more commonly used in the management of

Answer 27

elevated intracranial pressure or intraocular pressure than ascites

Question 28

increase sodium reabsorption and potassium secretion on the late distal convoluted tubule and collecting duct

Answer 28

Aldosterone