AS RESEARCH METHODS- other research methods- self report techniques

Question 1

what are the other types of research methods?

Answer 1

content analysis
cross cultural studies
meta analyses
case studies

Question 2

what is content analysis?

Answer 2

form of indirect observation. it is indirect bc you observe ppl through artefacts they produce rather than observing directly e. thru books films etc

Question 3

advantages of content analysis ?

Answer 3

high ecological validity bc based on what ppl do

findings can be easily replicated to ensure validity bc sources are publically available

Question 4

disadvantages of content analysis ?

Answer 4

observer bias reduces objectivity

likely to be biased as sample will have particular characteristics

Question 5

what is cross cultural studies?

Answer 5

psychologists compare behavior across diff cultures

Question 6

advantages of cross cultural studies?

Answer 6

see whether behaviours are universal and not influenced by culture

Question 7

disadvantages of cross cultural studies?

Answer 7

imposed etic - technique used in one culture is imposed on another

Question 8

what is meta analyses?

Answer 8

results from several diff studies are combined

Question 9

advantages of meta analyses?

Answer 9

increased reliability of conlusions

Question 10

disadvantages of meta analyses?

Answer 10

research designs may vary making it hard to compare studies

Question 11

what does self report mean?

Answer 11

simply means asking p about something so that they can report on it themselves

Question 12

what are types of self report techniques?

Answer 12

questionnaire,structured interview, unstructured interview, semi structured interview

Question 13

what is a q?

Answer 13

p fill in answers to qs can be on paper or online. can be open or closed

Question 14

advantage of q’s?

Answer 14

q’s can be easily and cheaply distributed to many ps
open q allow detail
p more likely to be honest than int

Question 15

disadvantages of qs?

Answer 15

open qs are harder to analyse qualatative not quantative data
closed q’s may force wrong answers not real
sample bias - qs can only be filled out by people with time to do it
qs may be interpreted differently

Question 16

what is a structured int?

Answer 16

qs for interview are decided in advance and are same for all p

Question 17

advantage of structured int?

Answer 17

easily repeated as q are standardised

easier to analysed the results than unstructured int

Question 18

disadvantages of structured int?

Answer 18

answers may not be truthful=social desir

interview bias- answers influenced way by way in which int asks them

Question 19

what is a unstructured interview?

Answer 19

qs for interview are unplanned and are usually guided by respondents answers

Question 20

advantage of unstructured interview?

Answer 20

more detailed info

the p can be asked to expand on an answer

Question 21

disadvantages of unstructured interview?

Answer 21

more likely to be affected by int bias than a structured interview
requires trained interviewers who can think of insightful unbiased qs on the spot

Question 22

what is a semi structured interview?

Answer 22

researcher has certain no. of set qs but can also ask other qs depending on where the responses take them

Question 23

what are self report measures often used as?

Answer 23

part of an experiment as a way of measuring the dv

Question 24

reliability and validity in self report techniques?

Answer 24

split half method
interviewer reliability
test retest
concurrent validity

Question 25

what do you use the split half method for?

Answer 25

check for internal reliability e.g check hat answers on first and second half of q or int show similar score and response. consistency

Question 26

what do you use the interviewer reliability for?

Answer 26

extent to which two interviwers produce the same outcome from an interviewer

Question 27

what do you use test retest?

Answer 27

to check for external reliability (complete q or interviewer again on diff occasions to check results are the smae)

Question 28

what do you use concurrent validity?

Answer 28

should be checked by comparing the results to that of an established q which measures the same thing