AS RESEARCH METHODS- other research methods- self report techniques Flashcards
what are the other types of research methods?
content analysis
cross cultural studies
meta analyses
case studies
what is content analysis?
form of indirect observation. it is indirect bc you observe ppl through artefacts they produce rather than observing directly e. thru books films etc
advantages of content analysis ?
high ecological validity bc based on what ppl do
findings can be easily replicated to ensure validity bc sources are publically available
disadvantages of content analysis ?
observer bias reduces objectivity
likely to be biased as sample will have particular characteristics
what is cross cultural studies?
psychologists compare behavior across diff cultures
advantages of cross cultural studies?
see whether behaviours are universal and not influenced by culture
disadvantages of cross cultural studies?
imposed etic - technique used in one culture is imposed on another
what is meta analyses?
results from several diff studies are combined
advantages of meta analyses?
increased reliability of conlusions
disadvantages of meta analyses?
research designs may vary making it hard to compare studies
what does self report mean?
simply means asking p about something so that they can report on it themselves
what are types of self report techniques?
questionnaire,structured interview, unstructured interview, semi structured interview
what is a q?
p fill in answers to qs can be on paper or online. can be open or closed
advantage of q’s?
q’s can be easily and cheaply distributed to many ps
open q allow detail
p more likely to be honest than int
disadvantages of qs?
open qs are harder to analyse qualatative not quantative data
closed q’s may force wrong answers not real
sample bias - qs can only be filled out by people with time to do it
qs may be interpreted differently
what is a structured int?
qs for interview are decided in advance and are same for all p
advantage of structured int?
easily repeated as q are standardised
easier to analysed the results than unstructured int
disadvantages of structured int?
answers may not be truthful=social desir
interview bias- answers influenced way by way in which int asks them
what is a unstructured interview?
qs for interview are unplanned and are usually guided by respondents answers
advantage of unstructured interview?
more detailed info
the p can be asked to expand on an answer
disadvantages of unstructured interview?
more likely to be affected by int bias than a structured interview
requires trained interviewers who can think of insightful unbiased qs on the spot
what is a semi structured interview?
researcher has certain no. of set qs but can also ask other qs depending on where the responses take them
what are self report measures often used as?
part of an experiment as a way of measuring the dv
reliability and validity in self report techniques?
split half method
interviewer reliability
test retest
concurrent validity
what do you use the split half method for?
check for internal reliability e.g check hat answers on first and second half of q or int show similar score and response. consistency
what do you use the interviewer reliability for?
extent to which two interviwers produce the same outcome from an interviewer
what do you use test retest?
to check for external reliability (complete q or interviewer again on diff occasions to check results are the smae)
what do you use concurrent validity?
should be checked by comparing the results to that of an established q which measures the same thing
