Articulations, Joints, Bone Markings

Question 1

Joints of the shoulder

Answer 1

sternoclaviular joint
acromiclavicular joint, 
glenohumeral joint
scapulothoracic joint( not a joint)

Question 2

sternoclaviular joint

Answer 2

Saddle type, synovial joint; very strong, usually fracture clavicle before dislocating SC
joint

Question 3

bony landmarks of sternoclavicular joint

Answer 3

manubrium, clavicle

Question 4

muscles of sternoclavicular joint

Answer 4

no muscles act directly on the SC joint, but muscles that move the clavicle may
affect movement at the SC joint

Deltoid, pectoralis major (clavicular head), trapezius, sternocleidomastoid

Question 5

Acrmioclavicular joint

Answer 5

Often injured; in a vulnerable position; “I separated my shoulder”; Plane/gliding synovial joint

Question 6

bony landmarks of acrmioclavicular joint

Answer 6

clavicle, acromion

Question 7

muscles of acrmioclavicular joint

Answer 7

No muscles act directly on the AC joint, but muscles that move the clavicle may affect movement at the AC joint
• Deltoid, pectoralis major (clavicular head), trapezius, sternocleidomastoid

Question 8

Glenohumeral joint

Answer 8

Ball-and-socket; “I dislocated my shoulder”

Question 9

bony landmarks of glenohumeral joint

Answer 9

glenoid fossa, spine of the scapula, humeral head, greater tubercle,
lesser tubercle

Question 10

muscles of glenohumeal joint

Answer 10

supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres minor, subscapularis, deltoid, pectoralis major, latissimus dorsi, coracobrachialis, teres major, triceps brachii (long head), biceps brachii (both heads)

Question 11

scapulothoracic joint

Answer 11

Not a true synovial joint

Question 12

bony landmarks of scapulothoracic joint

Answer 12

costals, scapula (lateral border, medial border, inferior angle, superior
angle, spine of the scapula

Question 13

muscles of scapulothoracic joint

Answer 13

trapezius, rhomboid minor and major, levator scapula, serratus anterior,
pectoralis minor

Question 14

elbow joint * upper extremity*

Answer 14

Superior radioulnar joint (pivot)

Humeroulnar joint (hinge);

Humeroradial joint (hinge)

Question 15

bony landmarks of elbow joint

Answer 15

olecranon fossa, olecranon process, coronoid fossa, coronoid process,
capitulum, radial head, lateral epicondyle, medial epicondyle

Question 16

muscles of elbow joint

Answer 16

biceps brachii, triceps brachii, brachialis, brachioradialis, anconeus, supinator, pronator
teres, wrist flexor group, wrist extensor group

Question 17

wrist and hand joints

Answer 17

Distal radioulnar joint;
Radiocarpal joint;
Carpometacarpal joints;
Metacarpophalangeal joints

Gliding, condyloid, and saddle joints in wrist and hand; Hinge joints in fingers

Question 18

bony landmarks of wrist and hand joints

Answer 18

Carpals, Metacarpals, Phalanges, Styloid processes of radius and ulna

Question 19

muscles of wrist and hand joints

Answer 19

Wrist flexors, Wrist extensors

Question 20

joints of the hip

Answer 20

Acetabulofemoral Joint, Sacroiliac Joint, 
Pubic symphysis (symphysis joint)

Question 21

acetbulofemoral joint

Answer 21

Ball-and-socket

Question 22

bony landmarks of acetabulofemoral joint

Answer 22

acetabulum, anterior inferior iliac spine, anterior superior iliac spine, iliac crest, ilium, ischial tuberosity, ischium, obturator foramen, pectineal line, posterior inferior iliac spine, posterior superior iliac spine, pubis, adductor tubercle, gluteal tuberosity, greater trochanter, head, lateral condyle, lateral epicondyle, lesser trochanter,
linea aspera, medial condyle, medial epicondyle, neck, pectineal line

Question 23

muscles of acetabulofemoral joint

Answer 23

rectus femoris, biceps femoris, semitendinosus, semimembranosus, gluteus
maximus, gluteus medius, gluteus minimus, adductor magnus, adductor longus, adductor
brevis, pectineus, gracilis, tensor fasciae latae, sartorius, piriformis, quadratus femoris,
obturator internus, obturator externus, gemellus superior, gemellus inferior, iliopsoas

Question 24

sacroilliac joint

Answer 24

transmits forces of the upper body to the pelvis and legs; not a lot of motion,
very strong and stable

Starts as a planar synovial joint and over time converts to fibrous

Question 25

muscles of sacroilliac joint

Answer 25

gluteus maximus, piriformis

Question 26

knee joint

Answer 26

Tibiofemoral joint (hinge);

Patellofemoral joint (gliding);

Superior tibiofibular joint (plane)

Question 27

bony landmarks of knee joint

Answer 27

tibial plateau, tibial tuberosity, lateral condyle, medial condyle

Question 28

muscles of knee joint

Answer 28

quadriceps, hamstrings, gastrocnemius, sartorius, gracilis, plantaris, popliteus

Question 29

ankle joint

Answer 29

Talocrural joint (hinge); 
Subtalar joint (bicondylar; 
2 condyloids); 
Inferior tibiofibular  joint (syndesmosis; fibrous)

Question 30

bony landmarks of ankle joint

Answer 30

medial malleolus, lateral malleolus, talus, calcaneus

Question 31

muscles of ankle joint

Answer 31

gastrocnemius, soleus, tibialis anterior and posterior, ankle dorsiflexors, ankle
plantarflexors

Question 32

foot joints

Answer 32

Tarsometatarsal joints (condyloid and saddle); Metatarsophalangeal joints (condyloid)