Art Section 6

Question 1

What term BEST describes a silhouette portrait

Answer 1

quick
- completed in a few minutes, and were cheap

Question 2

Silhouette’s were also referred to as

Answer 2

Shadow portraits

Question 3

A physiognotrace would

Answer 3

produce multiple copies of a silhouette

Question 4

What engraver invented the physiognotrace

Answer 4

Gilles-Louis Chretien
- in 1786
- thought to be part entertainment and part artistic venture

Question 5

What city contained the first natural history museum in America?

Answer 5

Philadelphia

Question 6

Charles Wilson Peale’s museum included items such as

Answer 6

natural history specimens, science models, taxidermized birds, wax figures, portraits of American Leaders

Question 7

What inventor inspired Charles Wilson Peale’s physiognotrace?

Answer 7

John Hawkins, a British inventor

Question 8

What machine traces the outline of a sitter’s silhouette in a physiognotrace?

Answer 8

pantograph

Question 9

Followers of phrenology claimed that a person’s face revealed their

Answer 9

character

Question 10

In the early nineteenth century, phrenologists asserted that criminals had all of the following characteristics EXCEPT

Answer 10

fox-like ears
- thought they did have: hawk-like noses, sloping foreheads, hard shifting eyes, low foreheads

Question 11

To which group of people did silhouettes especially appeal?

Answer 11

middle class

Question 12

Early American society gave silhouettes the label of

Answer 12

“true representation”

Question 13

Silhouettes reflected the republican value of

Answer 13

modesty

Question 14

Silhouettes laid the groundwork for the success of

Answer 14

photography

Question 15

What organization holds the portrait of Moses Williams?

Answer 15

the Library Company of Philadelphia

Question 16

What technologies had a significant effect on the 19th century?

Answer 16

telegraph, cotton gin, railroad, steamboat, and camera

Question 17

What art styles emerged in the same year as Eadward Muybridge’s photographic experiments?

Answer 17

Impressionism
- emerging in 1872

Question 18

In his photographic experiments, Eadweard Muybridge used technological advancements in

Answer 18

shutter speed
- experiments done on the movement of a galloping horse

Question 19

The work of Eadweard Muybridge led to the creation of

Answer 19

instantaneous photography

Question 20

What question did Leland Stanford hope to answer?

Answer 20

Is there a moment in a horse’s gallop where all four hooves left the ground at the same time?

Question 21

In order to capture The Horse in Motion, Eadweard Muybridge used

Answer 21

12 camera’s set at 21 inch intervals along the racecourse

Question 22

After his work with Leland Stanford, Muybridge worked at

Answer 22

the University of Pennsylvania

Question 23

Eadweard Muybridge produced Animal Locomotion alongside the painter

Answer 23

Thomas Eakins

Question 24

Rebecca Solnit explained the fixation with Muybridge’s The Horse In Motion by drawing connections between changing perceptions of movement and

Answer 24

time and movement

Question 25

Critics of Eadweard Muybridge's The Horse In Motion claimed that it was

Answer 25

fake because the photos looked so strange

Question 26

Muybridge used his zoopraxiscope primarily to

Answer 26

enhance his lectures

Question 27

The zoopraxiscope is a device that

Answer 27

creates the illusion of a moving picture

Question 28

The zoopraxiscope became an important precursor to modern

Answer 28

cinema

Question 29

Eadweard Muybridge's zoopraxiscope garnered attention at the

Answer 29

1893 World's Columbian Exposition

Question 30

What inventor designed the mechanical television system?

Answer 30

John Baird

Question 31

In the late 1990s, Americans used television sets daily for an average of

Answer 31

7 hours - around 98 percent of homes had a TV set

Question 32

What war had the greatest impact on the development of television?

Answer 32

World War Two

Question 33

What technology had the greatest impact on television design and usability in the late 1940s?

Answer 33

radar

Question 34

After 1945, the center of the art world shifted from Paris to

Answer 34

New York - leading to the success of Abstract Expressionism

Question 35

What art style featured gestural brushstrokes and the impression of spontaneity?

Answer 35

Abstract Expressionism - U.S. first major art movement

Question 36

Nam June Paik is commonly known as the father of

Answer 36

video art - main artists using televisions as a legitimate artistic medium

Question 37

Which of the following art groups used new technology similarly to Nam June Paik?

Answer 37

avant-garde

Question 38

What television model does Nam June Paik's Magnet TV use?

Answer 38

Conrac CRT - used inside a Magnavox cabinet

Question 39

How could viewers originally interact with Nam June Paik’s Magnet TV?

Answer 39

They could move the magnet along the top of the cabinet and change the imagery on the screen

Question 40

By making Magnet TV interactive, Nam June Paik incorporated aspects of

Answer 40

performance art into the medium of sculpture

Question 41

Nam June Paik’s Magnet TV is MOST similar to the work of

Answer 41

Jackson Pollock -made drip paintings by dribbling paint across a canvas on the floor

Question 42

The magnet in Nam June Paik’s Magnet TV blocks the

Answer 42

cathode rays - preventing it from filling the screen's surface

Question 43

How did artists in anti-art movements, such as Nam June Paik, change the art world?

Answer 43

They investigate the social conditions of society - pushing art towards the field of anthropology

Question 44

Which United States president signed the Interstate Highway Act?

Answer 44

Dwight Eisenhower

Question 45

What percentage of American households owned a car in 1980

Answer 45

87.2% owned one car, over half owned two

Question 46

To which art movement did John Chamberlain belong?

Answer 46

Abstract Expressionism

Question 47

What effects did the rise of the automobile industry have?

Answer 47

growth of hotels and restaurants, development of suburbs around cities, improved networks between states, streamlined production process of rubber, tourism increased

Question 48

How does Velvet White differ from Chamberlain's other works?

Answer 48

it is less colorful

Question 49

Chamberlain’s assemblage art style is also called

Answer 49

Junk Art - because he used pieces of cars that would go to the junkyard

Question 50

Art historians have MOST often seen Chamberlain’s work as a commentary on

Answer 50

consumer culture

Question 51

The white color of Velvet White is meant to provoke a sense of

Answer 51

reflection

Question 52

Chamberlain first used car parts in what piece of art?

Answer 52

Shortstop, in 1957

Question 53

Where did Chamberlain find his first car to use in artwork?

Answer 53

at a friend's house, in the backyard

Question 54

The colors Chamberlain’s Dolores Jones are MOST similar to the works of

Answer 54

Willem de Kooning -bold colors, which mirror the strong colors and brushstrokes of de Kooning

Question 55

What did Chamberlain do first to the car he used for Shortstop?

Answer 55

drove out the fenders, or took them off and ran them over with his own car

Question 56

When did Chamberlain create Velvet White

Answer 56

1962

Question 57

Chamberlain’s Velvet White is MOST similar to works of

Answer 57

Robert Rauschenberg's White Painting

Question 58

How many miles of highways did the Interstate Highway Act create?

Answer 58

41,000 miles

Question 59

In whose museum did Moses WIlliams work

Answer 59

Charles Wilson Peale - using the fee from the silhouettes Moses Williams was able to buy his freedom

Question 60

Who hired Eadweard Muybrudge to study horse locomotion?

Answer 60

Leland Stanford

Question 61

In the early twentieth century, avant-garde artists used

Answer 61

film to capture the spirit of modern life

Question 62

Nam June Paik’s Magnet TV displays

Answer 62

abstract geometric patterns