Arm/hand muscles clinical notes

Question 1

Winging of the Scapula

Answer 1

results in injury to long thoracic Nerve, which results in loss to the Serratus Anterior M

Makes ABducting the upper limb beyond horizontal position difficult

Question 2

What are the rotator cuff muscles and which one is most commonly injured

Answer 2

Supraspinatus
Infraspinatus
Teres Minor
Subscapularis

most injured is the supraspinatus

These offer stabillity to the glenohumeral Joint

Question 3

Bicipital Myotactic reflex

Answer 3

hitting the bicipital tendon, i

failure to tighten the forearm could mean that there is a injury to musculocutaneous N or C5 and C6 anterior rami

Question 4

Popeye Deformity

Answer 4

dislocating of the long head of biceps brachii out of the intertubercle groove or seperation from the supraglenoid tubercle lead to muscle balling in the mid arm

Question 5

Biceps Tendinitis

Answer 5

Repetitive movement of the long head of the Biceps T. makes inflammation or even crepitus: crackling sound

Question 6

Triangular space

Answer 6

Teres minor, teres major, and long head of the triceps brachii

contents: circumflex scapular A and V

Question 7

Quadrangular space

Answer 7

Teres minor, Teres major, long and lateral heads of the triceps brachii

Contents: Posterior humeral circumflex A and V and axillary N

Question 8

Triangular interval

Answer 8

Teres major, long head and lateral head of the triceps Brachii

Contents: deep brachial A and V and Radial N

Question 9

Tennis Elbow

Answer 9

Elbow tendinitis, repetitive use of superficial extensor muscles of the forearm

pain in lateral humeral epicondyle and down the posterior forearm

lots of strain on wrist the periostium lead to lateral epicondylitis of the lateral humeral epicondyle

Question 10

Golfers Elbow

Answer 10

inflamed medial epicondyle of the humerus due to over working of the flexor muscles of the forearm

Question 11

Anatomical Snuff Box

Answer 11

Anterior border: Abductor pollicis longus M and Extensor pollicis Brevis M

Posterior Border: Extensor Pollicis Longus M

Contents: Radial A and the superficial Radial N

Question 12

Loss of Opposition of the thumb

Answer 12

injury to the Median N, even very superficial injury to the palm can damage the recurrent branch of the Median N

loss of Opponens Pollicis M

Question 13

Power grip

Answer 13

digits acting against the palm to hold an object with counter pressure via the pollux

Question 14

Hook Grip

Answer 14

Carrying a suitcase
less energy
long flexors of the digits acting at the interphalangeal joint

Question 15

Percision handling grip

Answer 15

writing

long flexor and extensor muscles and addition of intrinsic hand muscles performing the fine movements

Question 16

Pinching

Answer 16

Compressing an object between the distal aspect of the 1st and 2nd digits

Question 17

Position of rest

Answer 17

Inactive position