Argumentation and Persuasion - Argumentative Organization/Arrangement

Question 1

What is inductive reasoning?

Answer 1

Begins with empirical evidence, that work towards a claim. Is not proof but leads to a testable hypothesis. Specific to general: Evidence to conclusion: instance to theory: Particular to universal.

Question 2

Example of inductive reasoning

Answer 2

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Observation to pattern to tentative hypothesis to theory. Every time I ask to borrow the car a day in advance my parents let me. Therefore I should ask today if I need to use the car tomorrow.

Question 3

What is deductive reasoning?

Answer 3

The process concluding that something must be true because it is an instance of a general principle that is known to be true. Begins with a claim then works toward evidence, going from general to specific, conclusion to evidence, theory to instance, declaration of independence, prejudice.

Question 4

Example of deductive reasoning

Answer 4

Theory to hypothesis to observation to confirmation. All people born in this region have a slight accent. Llewyn and ashley were both born in Seattle so they must have accents

Question 5

Why are these important?

Answer 5

Many arguments in the social sciences are deductive, but the main premise was not created through induction. In deductive arguments we should always check the validity of the main premise.