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AP U.S. History > APUSHch28 > Flashcards

APUSHch28 Flashcards

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1
Q

John F. Kennedy

A

43 year old senator from MA, appeared more vigorous and comfortable on the first televised debates than his republican counterpart

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2
Q

Jacqueline Kennedy

A

brought style, glamor and appreciation of the arts to the White House

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3
Q

New Frontier

A

advocated by JFK in 1960 election; promised to revitalize the stagnant economy & enact reform legislation in education, health care, and civil rights.

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4
Q

Peace Corps

A

an organization that recruited young American volunteers to give technical aid to developing countries

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5
Q

Alliance for Progress

A

organized to promote land reform and economic development in Latin America

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6
Q

Trade Expansion Act

A

authorized tariff reduction with the recently formed European Economic Community of the Western European nations

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7
Q

Bay of Pigs

A

April 1961- CIA sponsored Cuban exiles try to over through Castro; Eisenhower started it but decided not to do it; JFK took full responsibility for the failure

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8
Q

Berlin Wall

A

The Sovietast Germans, with Soviet backing built this around West Berlin to stop east germans for leaving to west germany

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9
Q

Cuban Missile crisis

A

The US discovered that the Russians were building underground sites in Cuba for the launching of offensive missiles that could reach the US in minutes; Kennedy responded by announcing to the world that he was setting up a naval blockade of cuba until the weapons were removed ; krushchev agreed to remove missiles from cuba after kennedy pledgednot to invade the island nation

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10
Q

flexible response

A

increase spending on conventional arms and mobile military forces; reduced risk of using nuclear weapons and also increased the temptatiopn to send elite specail forces into combat; moved away from idea of massive retalliation

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11
Q

Nuclear Test Ban Treaty

A

ended the testing of nuclear weapons in the atmosphere

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12
Q

Warren Commission

A

concluded that oswald was the lone assassin in Kennedy’s Murder

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13
Q

Lyndon Johnson

A

took oath of office as president abruptly after JFK was assassinated abour adn airplane at the Dallas airport

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14
Q

Great Society

A

Johnson’s war on poverty, was a set of New Dealish economic and welfare measure aimed at transforming US way of life

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15
Q

War on Poverty

A

Johnson responded to Harrington’s “The other america” by declaring an unconditional ___ __ _______. (significantluy reduced the number of american families living in poverty before it was cut back to pay for the Vietnam War)

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16
Q

The Other America

A

helped to focus national attention on the 40 million americans stil lliving in poverty

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17
Q

Barry Goldwater

A

senator of arizona who advocated ending the welfare state, including TVA and social security

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18
Q

Medicare

A

a healt insurance program for trhose those 65 and older

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19
Q

Elementary and Secondary Education Act

A

provided aid especially to poor school disctricts

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20
Q

Ralph Nader; unsafe at any speed

A

congress passed programs to regulate the automobile in response to

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21
Q

Rachel Carson, Silent Spring

A

clean air and water laws were enacted in part as a response to this

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22
Q

Lady Bird Johnson

A

first lady after Jackie Kennedy, contributed to the environment with her Beautify America campaign

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23
Q

Civil Rights Act of 1964

A

made segregation illegal in all public facilities and gave the federal government additional powers to enforce school desegregation

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24
Q

Equal Employment Opportunity Commission

A

set up to end racial discrimination in employment

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25
Q

Twenty-fourth Amendment

A

abolished the practice of collecting a poll tax; one of the measures that discouraged poor persons from voting

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26
Q

Voting Rights Act of 1965

A

ended literacy tests and provided federal registars in areas in which blacks were kept from voting

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27
Q

James Meredith

A

young african american air foce veteran who attempted to enroll in the university of mississippi

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28
Q

Martin Luther King, Jr.

A

remained committed to nonviolent protests against segregation

29
Q

March on Washington

A

KIng led one of the largest and most the successful demonstrations in US history about 200,000 blacks and whites took part in this successful march

30
Q

I Have a Dream Speech

A

appealed for the end of racial prejudice and ended with everyone in the crowd singing “We Shall Overcome”

31
Q

Black Muslim

A

leader Elijah Muhammad preached black nationalism, separatism, amd self-improvemetn

32
Q

Malcom X

A

acquired a reputation as the Black Muslim movement’s most controversial voice; criticized MLK as “an uncle tom” and advocated self-defense

33
Q

Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee

A

thinkiing influenced by the radicalism of Malcom X; formed by young blacks; advocating black power; scornful of integration and and interracial cooperation, broke with MLK Jr., to advocate greater militancy and acts of violence.

34
Q

Congress of Racial Equality

A

famous for freedom rides which drew attention to Southern barbarity, leading to the passing of civil rights legislation.

35
Q

Stokely Carmichael

A

chairman of SNCC repudiated nonviolence and advocated “black power” and racial separatism

36
Q

Black Panthers

A

organized by Huey Newton, BObby seale and other militants as a revolutionary socialist movement advocating self rule for American blacks

37
Q

Watts riots

A

in the summer of 1965, LA; resulted in the deaths of 34 people and the destruction of 700 buildings

38
Q

Kerner Commission

A

federal investigation of many riots; conclude in late 1968 that racism and segregation were chiefly responsible and that the US was becoming “two societies, one black, one white–separate and unequal”

39
Q

Warren Court

A

Supreme Court under Earl Warren; had an impact on the nation comparable to that of John Marshall

40
Q

Brown v. BOard of Education of Topeka

A

desegregation case; the most important case of the 20the century involving race relations

41
Q

Gideon v. Wainwright

A

required that state courts provide counsel for indigent defendants

42
Q

Escobedo v. Illinois

A

required the police to inform an arrested person of his or her right to remain silent

43
Q

Miranda v. Arizona

A

extended the ruling in Escobedo to include the right to a lawyer being present during questioning by the police

44
Q

reapportionment

A

the process of reallocating seats in the House of Representatives every 10 years on the basis of the results of the census.

45
Q

Baker v. Carr

A

declared practices like for one house of a state legislature to be based upon the drawing of district lines that strongly favored rural areas to the disadvantage of large cities unconstitutional

46
Q

one man, one vote

A

meant that election districts would have to be redrawn to provide equal representattion for all of a state’s citizens

47
Q

Yates v. Unted States

A

said tha the first amendment protected radical and revolutionary speech, even by COmmunists unless it was a “clear and present danger” to the safety of the country

48
Q

separation of church and state

A

Engel vs. Vitale ruled that state laws requiring prayers and Bible readings in the public schools violated the first amendments provision for this

49
Q

Engel V. Vitale

A

ruled that state laws requiring prayers and Bible readings in the public schools violated the first amendmetns provision for separation of church and state

50
Q

Students for a Democratic SOciety

A

a group of radical students led by Tom Hayden issued a declaration of purposes known as the port Huron statement

51
Q

New Left

A

Activists and intellecctuals who supported Hayden’s ideas

52
Q

counterculture

A

expressed in young people in rebellious styles of dress, music, drug use, and for some, communal living

53
Q

sexual revolution

A

one aspect of counterculture that continued beyond the 1960s was a change in many Americans’ attitudes toward sexual expressions

54
Q

women’s movement

A

increased education and emplyment of women in the 1950s, the civil rights movement, and the sexual revolution all contributed to a rebirth of this

55
Q

Betty Friedan, the feminine mystique

A

gave the women’s movement a new direction by encouraging middle-class women to seek fulfillment in professional careers rather than confinig themselves to the roles of wife, mother, and homemaker.

56
Q

National Organization for Women

A

adopted activist tactics of other civil rights movements to secure equal treatment of women

57
Q

Equal Pay Act (1963)

A

one of the antidiscrimitory laws enacted by congress by the time the NOW formed

58
Q

equal Rights Amendment

A

constitutional amendment that stated “equality of rights under the law shall not be denied or abridged by the US or by any state on account of sex” - NOT PASSED

59
Q

Vietnam War

A

2.7 million Americans served in the conflict and 58000 died in an increasingly costly and hopeless effort to prevent South Vietnam from falling to Communism

60
Q

Tonkin Gulf Resolution

A

gave the president, as commander in chief a blank check to take “all necessary measures” to protect US interests in Vietnam

61
Q

Tet Offensive

A

the vietncong launcehd an all out surprise attack on almost evey provincial capital and american base in south vietnam; US military conterattacked and recovered the lost territory

62
Q

hawks

A

believed that the war was an act of Soviet backed Communist aggression against south vietnam and that it was part of a master plan to conquer all of southeast asia

63
Q

Eugene McCarthy

A

the first antiwar advocate to challenge Johnson for the 1968 Democratic presidential nomination

64
Q

Robert Kennedy

A

senator in NY; decided to enter the presidetnail race after McCarthy’s strong showing in NH; was shot after his major victory in CAs primary by a young Arab nationalist who opposed his support for Israel

65
Q

George Wallace

A

conservative who ran in the election of 1968

66
Q

Hubert Humphrey

A

Vice President who was the liberal running in the election of 1968

67
Q

Michael Harrington

A

author of “The Other America”

68
Q

medicaid

A

government paid health care for the poor and the disabled

69
Q

doves

A

viewed the vietnam war as a civil war fought by vietnamese nationalists and some communists who wanted to unite their country by overthrowing a corrupt Saigon government

AP U.S. History (26 decks)

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