APUSHch20

Question 1

William Seward

Answer 1

United States politician who as secretary of state in 1867 arranged for the purchase of Alaska from Russia for 7.2 million dollars(known at the time as Seward’s Folly) Secretary of state for Lincoln and Johnson

Question 2

Alfred Thayer Mahan

Answer 2

American Naval officer and historian. He is most famous for his book “The Influence of Sea Power on History” (1890) which defined Naval strategy. His philosophies had a major influence on the Navies of many nations resulting in a igniting of naval races between countries.

Question 3

jingoism

Answer 3

extreme, chauvinistic patriotism, often favoring an aggressive, warlike foreign policy

Question 4

yellow journalism

Answer 4

One of the causes of the Spanish-American War (1898) - this was when newspaper publishers like Hearst and Pulitzer sensationalized news events (like the sinking of the Maine) to anger American public towards Spain. Journalism that exploits, distorts, or exaggerates the news to create sensations and attract readers

Question 5

DeLome letter

Answer 5

Considered a cause of the Spanish-American War - letter from the Spanish ambassador criticizing President McKinley which was published in the Hearst newspaper. (1898)

Question 6

Sinking of the Maine

Answer 6

One week after the de Lome letter made headlines on February 15,1898, the U.S. battleship Maine was at anchor in the harbor of Havana, Cuba when it suddenly exploded. 260 Americans were killed on board. The yellow press accused Spain of blowing up the ship, even though experts later concluded that the explosion was an accident.

Question 7

Teller Amendment

Answer 7

April 1896 - U.S. declared Cuba free from Spain, but this amendment disclaimed any American intention to annex Cuba

Question 8

George Dewey

Answer 8

A United States naval officer remembered for his victory at Manila Bay in the Spanish-American War, U.S. naval commander who led the American attack on the Philippines

Question 9

Rough Riders

Answer 9

A volunteer calvary regiment led by Theodore Roosevelt which fought in Battle of San Juan Hill.

Question 10

Liliuokalani

Answer 10

Hawaiian Queen who tried to eliminate white control in the Hawaiian government. The white population revolted and seized power. Under McKinley Hawaii was annexed

Question 11

Anti-Imperialist League

Answer 11

Objected to the annexation of the Philippines and the building of an American empire. Idealism, self-interest, racism, constitutionalism, and other reasons motivated them, but they failed to make their case and lost by 2 votes; the Philippines were annexed in 1900

Question 12

insular cases

Answer 12

These were court cases dealing with islands/countries that had been recently annexed and demanded the rights of a citizen. These Supreme Court cases decided that the Constitution did not always follow the flag, thus denying the rights of a citizen to Puerto Ricans and Filipinos.

Question 13

Platt Amendment

Answer 13

Cuba had to agree to this to get US troops to leave Cuba: 1) Cuba makes no treaty with others if in endangers independence 2) can’t borrow money if they can’t pay back 3)US can get involved with Cuba affairs 4)US has naval base at Guantanamo Bay

Question 14

Open Door Policy

Answer 14

A policy, proposed by the United States in 1899, under which all nations would have equal opportunities to trade in China

Question 15

xenophobia

Answer 15

A fear or hatred of foreigners or strangers

Question 16

Boxer Rebellion

Answer 16

1899 rebellion in Beijing, China started by a secret society of Chinese who opposed the “foreign devils”. The rebellion was ended by British troops

Question 17

big-stick policy

Answer 17

Roosevelt’s philosophy - In international affairs, ask first but bring along a big army to help convince them. Threaten to use force, act as international policemen

Question 18

Hay-Pauncefote Treaty

Answer 18

An agreement in which the U.S would receive exclusive rights to construct and control a canal in Central America. It nullified the 1850 Clayton-Bulwer Treaty, thus allowing the Panama Canal to be built.

Question 19

Roosevelt Corollary

Answer 19

Roosevelt’s 1904 extension of the Monroe Doctrine, stating that the United States has the right to protect its economic interests in South And Central America by using military force, first put into effect in Dominican Republic

Question 20

Russo-Japanese War

Answer 20

Russia and Japan were fighting over Korea, Manchuria, etc. Began in 1904, but neither side could gain a clear advantage and win. Both sent reps to Portsmouth, NH where TR mediated Treaty of New Hampshire in 1905. Teddy Roosevelt won the nobel peace prize for his efforts, the 1st pres. to do so.

Question 21

Treaty of Portsmouth

Answer 21

(1905) ended the Russo-Japanese War (1904-1905). It was signed in Portsmouth, New Hampshire, after negotiations brokered by Theodore Roosevelt (for which he won the Nobel Peace Prize). Japan had dominated the war and received an indemnity, the Liaodong Peninsula in Manchuria, and half of Sakhalin Island, but the treaty was widely condemned in Japan because the public had expected more.

Question 22

Gentleman’s Agreement

Answer 22

(1907) agreement in which the Japanese promised not to issue passports to laborers seeking to come to the US, in return for no Japanese segregation in the US.

Question 23

great white fleet

Answer 23

1907-1909 - Roosevelt sent the Navy on a world tour to show the world the U.S. naval power. Also to pressure Japan into the “Gentlemen’s Agreement.”

Question 24

Dollar Diplomacy

Answer 24

Foreign policy created under President Taft that had the U.S. exchanging financial support ($) for the right to “help” countries make decisions about trade and other commercial ventures. Basically it was exchanging money for political influence in Latin America and the Caribbean.

Question 25

Lodge Corollary

Answer 25

In 1912 Senate passed resolution to Monroe Doctrine. It stated that non-European powers (such as Japan) would be excluded from owning territory in Western Hemisphere.

Question 26

New Freedom

Answer 26

Woodrow Wilson’s domestic policy that, promoted antitrust modification, tariff revision, and reform in banking and currency matters.

Question 27

Moral Diplomacy

Answer 27

President Woodrow Wilson’s approach to foreign policy, focusing on promoting democratic ideals and morals abroad.

Question 28

Jones Act

Answer 28

1916-Act which granted full territorial status to the Philippines, guaranteed a bill of rights and universal male sufferage, as well as Philippine independence as soon as a stable government was established

Question 29

expeditionary force

Answer 29

Wilson ordered General Pershing to pursue Pancho Villa into Mexico. They were in nothern Mexico for months without being able to capture Villa. Growing possibility of U.S. entry into World War I caused Wilson to withdraw Pershing’s troops.