Applied Neuro-Pharmacology Flashcards
What approaches ca be used to reduce synaptic transmission?
Blocking the voltage gated sodium channels
Blocking the voltage gated calcium channels
Inhibiting the packagaing mechanism
Blocking the release machinery
Blocking the postsynaptic receptors
Activating presynaptic inhibitory receptors
How do local anaesthetics manipulate synaptic transmission
Reduce transmission by blocking the voltage gated sodium channels and thereby blocking any sodium from entering the neuron post AP, therefore blocking all release
How do substances such as spider toxins manipulate synaptic transmission?
Reduce it by blocking voltage gated calcium channels, thereby blocking all transmitter release
How does Botox manipulate synaptic transmission?
Reducing it by blocking the presynaptic release machinery
How do receptor antagonists manipulate synaptic transmission?
They reduce it by blocking the postsynaptic receptors
What approaches can be used to increase synaptic transmission?
Increasing synthesis by flooding the cells with appropriate precursor
Blocking breakdown of the transmitter
Blocking uptake of the transmitter
Activating the postsynaptic receptors
How do benzodiazepines and barbituates acting on GABA receptors manipulate synaptic transmission?
THey increase it by activating the postsynaptic receptor whilst potentiating the effects of the endogenous transmitter
How do anticholinesterases acting on ACh manipulate synaptic transmission?
Increase it by blocking breakdown of the transmitter
Name the monoamine class of neurotransmitter
Noradrenaline
Dopamine
Serotonin (5-HT)
Name the amino acid class of neurotransmitter
Glutamate
GABA
Glycine
Name the purine class of neurotransmitter
ATP
Adenosine
Name the neuropeptide class of neurotransmitter
Endorphins
CCK
Substance P
Name the two neurotransmitter which do not belong to a class or group
Acetylcholine
NO
Does each neurotransmitter have only one specific function?
No, each have multiple different functions in different areas
What separates the brain from the peripheral nervous system?
BBB