Apicomplexa (Hepatozoon, Crystosporidium)

Question 1

Hepatozoon species with veterinary importance

Answer 1

Hepatozoon canis
Hepatozoon americanum

Question 2

Life cycle of Hepatozoon species in vertebrate hosts

Answer 2

Merogony
Gametogony

Question 3

Name the final host of Hepatozoon canis

Answer 3

Amblyomma maculatum

Question 4

Name the final host of Hepatozoon americanum

Answer 4

Rhipicephalus sanguineus

Question 5

Predilection site of gamonts of both Hepatozoon canis and H. americanum

Answer 5

Neutrophils
Monocytes

Question 6

Identify the predilection site of schizonts of both Hepatozoon canis and H. americanum

Answer 6

Endothelial cells of RE organs

Question 7

Released and responsible for the production of the secondary meronts in the same target tissues

Answer 7

Macromerozoites

Question 8

Invade monocytes and neutrophils and become gamonts

Answer 8

Micromerozoites

Question 9

Hepatozoon species causing severe disease, fever, joint pain, myositis, periosteal bone wasting and chronic wasting

Answer 9

Hepatozoon americanum

Question 10

Which hepatozoon infection cause anemia and extreme neutrophlia in young dogs, often in corcurrent infection with other blood parasites?

Answer 10

Hepatozoon canis

Question 11

Microscopic parasite that causes diarrheal disease “crytosporidiosis”

Answer 11

Crystosporidium

Question 12

Parasites infecting the brush border of epithelial cells of the GI tract and
respiratory tract

Answer 12

Crystosporidium

Question 13

Reported Crystosporidium spp affecting SI of calves younger than 30 days old

Answer 13

Crystosporidium parvum

Question 14

Crystosporidium affecting SI of slightly older calves about up to 1 year

Answer 14

Crystosporidium ryanae

Question 15

Which Crystosporidium has been observed to be present in SI of adult cows?

Answer 15

Crystosporidium bovis

Question 16

Reported Crystosporidium affecting stomach of snake

Answer 16

Crystosporidium serpentis

Question 17

Reported Crystosporidium affecting SI of mice

Answer 17

Crystosporidium tyzzeri

Question 18

Reported Crystosporidium affecting stomach of cow

Answer 18

Crystosporidium andersoni

Question 19

Reported Crystosporidium affecting humans

Answer 19

Crystosporidium hominis

Question 20

Reported Crystosporidium affecting SI of poultry

Answer 20

Crystosporidium meleagridis
Crystosporidium baileyi

Question 21

In vertebrate host, what stage of sexual life cycle occurs during Hepatozoon infection?

Answer 21

Merogony
Gametogony

Question 22

Hepatozoon spp rare in blood films but common in muscle biopsies

Answer 22

Hepatozoon americanum

Question 23

Appear as sausage shaped in PMNs

Answer 23

Hepatozoon gamont

Question 24

Hepatozoonosis during histopathology of target tissues reveals?

Answer 24

wheel-spoke

Question 25

An onion skin cysts found in skeletal muscle of a dog is suspected to be infected with?

Answer 25

Hepatozoon americanum

Question 26

Parasites infecting the brush border of epithelial cells of the gastrointestinal tract and respiratory tract

Answer 26

Cryptosporidium sp.

Question 27

Cause mucosal changes in the ileum where there is stunting, swelling and eventual fusion of the villi

Answer 27

Cryptosporidium species

Question 28

These parasites mainly affect young and immunocompromised individuals producing severe diarrhea and dehydration.

Answer 28

Cryptosporidium species

Question 29

What is the mode of transmission of Cryptosporidium sp?

Answer 29

Feco-oral contamination

Question 30

T/F. Transmission of Hepatozoonis in dogs is during blood-feeding of ticks.

Answer 30

False. Dogs have to ingest the infected ticks to acquire the infection.

Question 31

T/F. H. canis is produce cysts in skeletal muscles but its merozoites phase is absent in multiple organs.

Answer 31

True.

Question 32

T/F. H. americanum produce cysts in skeletal muscles.

Answer 32

False. Only H. canis produce cysts, however, merozoites phase of H. americanys is present in multiple organs.

Question 33

T/F. Hepatozoonosis is a tickborne disease of dogs usually with subclinical infection.

Answer 33

True