Apical Doppler: Part II

Question 1

RT heart dopple rmostly consists of colour and spectral doppler on the ______

Answer 1

tricuspid valve (TV)

Question 2

the _____ is rarely seen from the apical view due to its _____ position

Answer 2

PV
anterior

Question 3

closr to ____ of people have some degree of TR

Answer 3

80%

Question 4

do athletes have more or less TR than average? Why/

Answer 4

more
slight TV annular dilation

Question 5

physiological/trace TR is usually seen during the _____

Answer 5

first half of systole

Question 6

CW is able to capture both _____ and ____ on the same window

Answer 6

inflow
regurg

Question 7

do we measure TV inflow normally

Answer 7

no

Question 8

TR is highest at what

Answer 8

at the valve

Question 9

A4C CW measurement and what it is used to calculates

Answer 9

peak velocity
RVSP

Question 10

RVSP

Answer 10

right ventricular systolic pressure

Question 11

A4C TV CW baseline placement

Answer 11

1/4-1/3 from top

Question 12

scale is set to what for A4C TV CW

Answer 12

2.3 m/s below baseline

Question 13

normal E wave velocity (TV inflow)

Answer 13

< 1m/s

Question 14

A4C TV annulus TDI SV is on the Tv annulus of the ____

Answer 14

RV free wall

Question 15

A4V TV Annulus TDI measures

Answer 15

s’

Question 16

is s’ below or above basline (A4C TV annulus TDI)

Answer 16

above

Question 17

s’ meausre the _______ function

Answer 17

RV systolic

Question 18

do we measure e’ and a’ on A4C TV annulus TDI

Answer 18

no

Question 19

order of assessing A5C Doppler (3)

Answer 19

LVOT/AV/Ao. colour doppler
LVOT PW
AV CW

Question 20

LVOT used ____ doppler and assesses for ______ and obtains _____ for calculation

Answer 20

PW
LVOT obstruction
VTI

Question 21

AV used ___ doppler and assesses _____ and _____

Answer 21

regurgitation
stenosis
(if present)

Question 22

is some aliasing allowed in A5C colour? why?

Answer 22

yes as it has the highest V in heart

Question 23

how to adjust 2D A5C image before PW

Answer 23

place SV at AV
may slide laterally and dig in indicator so LVOT = 0 degrees
walk PW into LVOT until the veolcity decreases and waveform rounds

Question 24

A5C LVOT PW baseline set

Answer 24

1/4-1/3 from top

Question 25

what should you see in the A5C LVOT PW

Answer 25

AV closing click

Question 26

what do we measure in the A5C LVOT PW

Answer 26

trace VTI

Question 27

VTI

Answer 27

velocity time integral

Question 28

AI

Answer 28

aortic insufficiency (AR)

Question 29

A5C AV CW traces

Answer 29

VTI

Question 30

normal Av peak velocity

Answer 30

< 2m/s

Question 31

AV peak PG

Answer 31

<10 mmHg

Question 32

AV mean PG

Answer 32

<5 mmHg

Question 33

PG

Answer 33

pressure gradient

Question 34

A5C PW traces: vs A5C CW traces:

Answer 34

LVOT VTI vs AV VTI

Question 35

AI is shown ____ the baseline (A5C)

Answer 35

above

Question 36

A3C AV colour must show colour into

Answer 36

ascending aorta

Question 37

all the A3C spectral parameters are _____ as the A5C

Answer 37

exactly the same