APES chapter11

Question 1

Biological diversity/biodiversity

Answer 1

the variety of life across the levels of biological organization

Question 2

Species

Answer 2

a distinct type of organism a set of individuals that uniquely share certain characteristics and can breed and create fertile offspring

Question 3

species diversity

Answer 3

the number or variety of species in a region

Question 4

genetic diversity

Answer 4

the differences in DNA composition among individuals

Question 5

extinction

Answer 5

the last member of the species dies and the species ceases to exist

Question 6

extirpation

Answer 6

the disappearance of a population in a given area, but not the entire species globally

Question 7

background rate of extinction

Answer 7

the pace at which species went extinct before humans were around

Question 8

mass extinction

Answer 8

events of such staggering proportions that kill off massive numbers of species

Question 9

red list

Answer 9

an updated list of species facing high risks of extinction

Question 10

habitat fragmentation

Answer 10

piecemeal degradation of a habitat

Question 11

ecosystem services

Answer 11

services and processes provided by intact ecosystems

Question 12

biophilia

Answer 12

the ideas that human beings have an instinctive love for nature and feel an emotional bond with other living things

Question 13

conservative biology

Answer 13

scientific discipline devoted to understanding the factors, forces, and processes that influence the loss, protection, and restoration of biological diversity

Question 14

endangered species act

Answer 14

the primary legislation for protecting biodiversity in the U.S.: forbids the govt. and private citizens from taking actions that destroy endangered species and their habitats

Question 15

convention on international trade in endangered species of wild fauna and flora (CITES)

Answer 15

an internaitonal treaty that protects endsangered species by banning the niternational transport of their body parts

Question 16

conservation on biological diversity (CBD)

Answer 16

an international treaty that said their goals were:

• conserve biological diversity
• use biodiversity in a sustainable manner
• ensure the fair distribution of biodiversity’s benefits

Question 17

captive breeding

Answer 17

individuals are bred and raised in controlled conditions with the intent of reintroducing them into the wild

Question 18

ecological restoration

Answer 18

restoring degraded natural systems to some semblance to their former condition

Question 19

community-based conservation

Answer 19

the practice of engaging local people to protect land and wildlife in their own region

Question 20

biodiversity hotspots

Answer 20

an area where there’s an especially great diversity of species

Question 21

endemic

Answer 21

something found nowhere else in the world