APES Chapter 8 Flashcards
IPAT model
formula used to figure out how population and other factors affect our environment
I(mpact)=P(opulation)A(ffluence)T(echnology)
Demography
the application of principles from population ecology to the study of statistical change in human population
Demographers
people who study population size, density, distribution, age structure, sex ratio, and rates of birth, death, immigration and emigration of people
Total fertility rate (TFR)
population’s potential for growth
Replacement fertility
the TFR that keeps the population stable
Natural rate of population change
change in population due to ONLY birth and death rates (not immigration or emigration)
Life expectancy
the average number of years that an individual in a particular age group is likely to continue to live
Demographic transition
a model of economic and cultural change proposed to explain the declining death rates and birth rates that have occurred in Western nations as they industrialized
Pre-industrial stage
the first stage of the demographic transition model
Transitional stage
the transition from pre-industrial stage and is characterized by decreasing death rates
Industrial stage
the post-transitional stage that is characterized by birth rates decreasing
Birth control
the effort to control the number of children one bears
Contraception
the deliberate attempt to prevent pregnancy
Family Planning
the effort to plan the number and spaces of children you will have
Millenium Development Goals
a set of 8 goals for humanity and each goal targets ways to allow sustainable development by implementation of of concrete strategies
