AP World Era 5 Key Concept 5.1

Question 1

What fundamentally changed how goods were produced

Examples?

Answer 1

Industrialization
Factors leading to the rise of industrial production (Europe’s location
Coal, iron and timber, Demographic changes, Urbanization, Agricultural productivity, Private property, Rivers and canals, foreign resources, Capital
The development of machines, made it possible to exploit new resources of energy (Fossil Fuels – coal and oil, The “fossil fuels” revolution)
Factory system leads to specialization of labor
New methods of industrial production spread to…
Other parts of Europe, US, Russia and Japan
“Second Industrial Revolution”
Steel, chemicals, electricity and precision machinery
New methods of industrial production spread to… (Other parts of Europe, US, Russia and Japan)
“Second Industrial Revolution” (Steel, chemicals, electricity and precision machinery)

Question 2

New patterns of what and what developed and further integrated the global economy as industrialists sought what and what for the increasing amount and array of goods produced in their factories?
Examples?

Answer 2

Global trade and production; raw materials and new markets
Due to the need for raw materials and food supplies see the growth of export economies that specialized in mass producing single natural resources (Rubber)
The rapid development of industrial production led to… (Decline of economically productive, agriculturally based economies. (Textile production in India))
The rapid increases in productivity encouraged… (Industrialized states seek out new consumer markets for finished goods. (British and French attempts to “open up” China))
Need for specialized and limited metals for production led to extensive mining centers (Gold, silver and diamonds as forms of wealth, Gold and diamond mines in South Africa)

Question 3

To facilitate investments at all levels of industrial production, financiers developed and expanded various what?
Examples?

Answer 3

financial institutions
Capitalism and classical liberalism associated with Adam Smith and John Stuart Mill
Financial instruments expanded (Stock Markets)
Large-Scale transnational businesses (The HSBC- Hong Kong and Shanghai Banking Corporation)

Question 4

There were major developments in what and what?

Examples?

Answer 4

Transportation and communication
Railroads
Steamships
Telegraphs
Canals

Question 5

The development and spread of what led to a variety of responses?
Examples?

Answer 5

Global capitalism
Workers organize themselves to improve working conditions (Limit hours and gain higher wages)
Other workers opposed capitalist exploitations by promoting alternative visions of society. (Marxism)
Qing China and Ottoman resistance to change
State-sponsored visions of industrialization (The economic reforms of Meiji Japan)
Government mitigated the negative effects of industrial capitalism by promoting various types of reforms (Expansion of suffrage in Britain)

Question 6

Organization of societies transformed due to restructuring of the what?
Examples?

Answer 6

Global economy
New social classes
Family dynamics
Urbanization