AOTA Neurological Impairments Flashcards
define TBI
damage to brain from external mechanical or blunt force accompannied by loss of consciousnes,s PT amenia, skull fx, or other unfavorable neurolgicla findsing atrirbuted to event through diagnotic process.
define decorticate rigidity
UE in spastic flexed position with internal rotation/adduction.LE in spastic extended position, internally ortated and adducted.
define decerebrate rigidity
UE/LE in spastic extension, adduction and internal rotation. wrist and fingers flexed, plantar portions of feet fled and inverted, trunk extended and head retracts.
describe symptoms of TBI
primitive relfexes, muscle weakness, decrease functional endurance, ataxia, postural deficits, limitations of jointmotions, change in sensation
describe the glasgow coma scale
quantifies severity of TBI and predicts outcomes.
what are the levels for motor in the glasgow coma scale
1 - none
2 - rigidia dne xtended response to pain
3 - flexion in repsonse to pain
4 - pulls part of body away in repsonse to pain
5 - purpoiseful movement to painful stimulus
6 - obeys commands to perform various movements.
what are the levels for verbal responses in the glasgow coma scale
1 - no response 2 - incomprehensive speech 3 - inappropriate words 4 - confused conversation byu able eto anser questions 5 - oritented to person, place, time
what are the levels for eye opening in the glasgow coma scale
1 - no reponse
2 - to pain only
3 - when asked with loud voice
4 - spontaneous
define the levels in the rancho los amigos scale
1 - no repsonse
2 - generalized response
3 - localized repsonse; reacts to sitmuli inconsistently
4 - confused/agitated - heightened state of activity with severely decreased ability to process information
5 - confused, inappropriate nonagitated; appears alert with faily consisten reactions, although increased complexity of ommands causes more random responses
6 - confused, apprpriate; exhibits goal-directed behavior byut is dependent on external input for direction
7 - automatic/approrpaite - behaves appropriately and ir oriented to place and routine byut frequently displays shallow recall
8-10 - purposeful and approrpiate- isalert and oritented and able to recall and itegrate past and recent events.
what are some interventions used for the early stage of TBI
positioning passive ROM splinting sensory stimulation management of agitation
what are some intervention activities used for ranchos level 5 and higher
optimize motor function optimize visual abilities optimize visual-perceptual function optimize cognitive function optimize voice and speech functions resotre competence in self-maintenacne task.
what are some intervention activities used for post-acute rehab phases.
optimize cognitive function
optimize visualk and visual-perceptual function
restore comeptence in self-maintenacne rolse
restore compentence inlieusre and social participation
restore competence in work
define spinal cord injury
results in tetraplegia and results from trauma
what is the functional ability for c1-c4 SCI
respiratory assitance required
limited head movement
nervous system dysfunction
mobility reuquires electric wheelchair with sip and puff
what is the functional ability for c5 SCI
low stamina, breathe with diaphragm, complete assitane for personal and domestic care
full head and neck motion; raise arms and flex elbows (no extension)
sympathetic nervous system compromised
possible autonomic dysrefleia
no bowel or bladder contronl
electric wheelchair with hand controls
what is the functional ability for c6 SCI
low tamina, breath with diaphragm; mod assist for personal care.
full head and neck movement. abilty to raise arms and flex elbows (no extension), some wrist extension
little bowel or bladder control
electric wheelchair with hand controls. manual whelchair for short distances. may drive vechile with hahd controls.